Exercise Physiology Laboratory and GENUD Group University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Exercise Physiology Laboratory and GENUD Group University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Jul;24(7):792-8. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.01.011. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
Exercise training can improve health of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, which MetS factors are most responsive to exercise training remains unclear. We studied the time-course of changes in MetS factors in response to training and detraining.
Forty eight MetS patients (52 ± 8.8 yrs old; 33 ± 4 BMI) underwent 4 months (3 days/week) of supervised aerobic interval training (AIT) program. After 1 month of training, there were progressive increases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and reductions in waist circumference and blood pressure (12 ± 3, -3.9 ± 0.4, and -12 ± 1%, respectively after 4 months; all P < 0.05). However, fasting plasma concentration of triglycerides and glucose were not reduced by training. Insulin sensitivity (HOMA), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and exercise maximal fat oxidation (FOMAx) also progressively improved with training (-17 ± 5; 21 ± 2 and 31 ± 8%, respectively, after 4 months; all P < 0.05). Vastus lateralis samples from seven subjects revealed that mitochondrial O2 flux was markedly increased with training (71 ± 11%) due to increased mitochondrial content. After 1 month of detraining, the training-induced improvements in waist circumference and blood pressure were maintained. HDL-c and VO2peak returned to the values found after 1-2 months of training while HOMA and FOMAx returned to pre-training values.
The health related variables most responsive to aerobic interval training in MetS patients are waist circumference, blood pressure and the muscle and systemic adaptations to consume oxygen and fat. However, the latter reverse with detraining while blood pressure and waist circumference are persistent to one month of detraining.
运动训练可以改善代谢综合征（MetS）患者的健康状况。然而，哪种 MetS 因素对运动训练的反应最敏感仍不清楚。我们研究了训练和停训期间 MetS 因素随时间变化的情况。
48 例 MetS 患者（52±8.8 岁；33±4 BMI）接受了 4 个月（每周 3 天）的监督性有氧运动间歇训练（AIT）方案。经过 1 个月的训练，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）逐渐升高，腰围和血压逐渐降低（4 个月后分别为 12±3%、-3.9±0.4%和-12±1%；所有 P<0.05）。然而，训练并没有降低空腹血浆甘油三酯和葡萄糖浓度。胰岛素敏感性（HOMA）、心肺功能（VO2peak）和运动最大脂肪氧化（FOMAx）也随着训练逐渐改善（4 个月后分别为-17±5%、21±2%和 31±8%；所有 P<0.05）。7 名受试者的股外侧肌样本显示，由于线粒体含量的增加，线粒体 O2 流量随着训练显著增加（71±11%）。停训 1 个月后，腰围和血压的改善仍维持。HDL-c 和 VO2peak 恢复到训练 1-2 个月后的水平，而 HOMA 和 FOMAx 恢复到训练前的水平。
在 MetS 患者中，对有氧运动间歇训练反应最敏感的健康相关变量是腰围、血压以及肌肉和全身对氧和脂肪的消耗适应能力。然而，后者在停训后会恢复，而血压和腰围在停训一个月后仍保持不变。
