Guadalupe-Grau A, Fernández-Elías V E, Ortega J F, Dela F, Helge J W, Mora-Rodriguez R
Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018 Feb;28(2):585-595. doi: 10.1111/sms.12881. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
Aerobic interval training (AIT) improves the health of metabolic syndrome patients (MetS) more than moderate intensity continuous training. However, AIT has not been shown to reverse all metabolic syndrome risk factors, possibly due to the limited duration of the training programs. Thus, we assessed the effects of 6 months of AIT on cardio-metabolic health and muscle metabolism in middle-aged MetS. Eleven MetS (54.5±0.7 years old) underwent 6 months of 3 days a week supervised AIT program on a cycle ergometer. Cardio-metabolic health was assessed, and muscle biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis prior and at the end of the program. Body fat mass (-3.8%), waist circumference (-1.8%), systolic (-10.1%), and diastolic (-9.3%) blood pressure were reduced, whereas maximal fat oxidation rate and VO were significantly increased (38.9% and 8.0%, respectively; all P<.05). The remaining components of cardio-metabolic health measured (body weight, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose) were not changed after the intervention, and likewise, insulin sensitivity (CSi) remained unchanged. Total AMPK (23.4%), GLUT4 (20.5%), endothelial lipase (33.3%) protein expression, and citrate synthase activity (26.0%) increased with training (P<.05). Six months of AIT in MetS raises capacity for fat oxidation during exercise and increases VO in combination with skeletal muscle improvements in mitochondrial enzyme activity. Muscle proteins involved in glucose, fat metabolism, and energy cell balance improved, although this was not reflected by parallel improvements in insulin sensitivity or blood lipid profile.
有氧间歇训练（AIT）比中等强度持续训练更能改善代谢综合征患者（MetS）的健康状况。然而，AIT尚未被证明能逆转所有代谢综合征风险因素，这可能是由于训练计划的持续时间有限。因此，我们评估了为期6个月的AIT对中年MetS患者心脏代谢健康和肌肉代谢的影响。11名MetS患者（54.5±0.7岁）在周期测力计上接受了为期6个月、每周3天的监督下的AIT计划。评估了心脏代谢健康状况，并在计划开始前和结束时从股外侧肌采集肌肉活检样本。体脂量（-3.8%）、腰围（-1.8%）、收缩压（-10.1%）和舒张压（-9.3%）有所降低，而最大脂肪氧化率和VO显著增加（分别为38.9%和8.0%；所有P<.05）。干预后，所测量的心脏代谢健康的其余组成部分（体重、血液胆固醇、甘油三酯和葡萄糖）没有变化，同样，胰岛素敏感性（CSi）也保持不变。总AMPK（23.4%）、GLUT4（20.5%）、内皮脂肪酶（33.3%）蛋白表达和柠檬酸合酶活性（26.0%）随训练增加（P<.05）。对MetS患者进行6个月的AIT可提高运动期间的脂肪氧化能力，并增加VO，同时骨骼肌线粒体酶活性得到改善。参与葡萄糖、脂肪代谢和能量细胞平衡的肌肉蛋白有所改善，尽管胰岛素敏感性或血脂谱没有相应改善。
