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清洁涂漆表面:评估溶剂去除凝胶残留时引发的浸出现象。

Cleaning painted surfaces: evaluation of leaching phenomenon induced by solvents applied for the removal of gel residues.

出版信息

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Dec;21(23):13252-63. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-2658-5.

Abstract

Cleaning is one of the most important, delicate, and at the same time controversial processes in the conservation treatment of paintings. Although a strict definition of cleaning would be the removal of dirt, grime, or other accretions (surface cleaning), in the conservation field, cleaning is used in the broader meaning to include thinning/removing altered or “unwanted layers” of materials without damaging or altering the physicochemical properties of the surfaces to be preserved. The cleaning of unvarnished paintings is one of the most critical issues that are currently discussed. Several studies exist regarding different cleaning tools, such as gels, soaps, enzymes, ionic liquids, and foams, as well as various dry methods and lasers, but only a few have been performed on the risk associated with the use of water and organic solvents for the cleaning treatments in relation to the original paint binder. The aim of the study is to verify analytically the behavior of water gelling agents during cleaning treatments and the interaction of the following elements: water or organic solvents applied for the removal of gel residues with the original lipid paint binder. For this purpose, the study was conducted on a fragment of canvas painting (sixteenth to seventeenth century) of Soprintendenza per i Beni Storici, Artistici ed Etnoantropologici del Friuli Venezia Giulia (Superintendence for the Historical, Artistic and Ethno-anthropological Heritage of Friuli Venezia Giulia), Udine by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy.

摘要

清洁是绘画保护处理中最重要、最精细但同时也是最具争议的过程之一。尽管严格意义上的清洁是指去除污垢、灰尘或其他附着物(表面清洁),但在保护领域,清洁的含义更为广泛,包括在不损坏或改变待保存表面物理化学性质的情况下,去除或稀释已改变或“不需要的材料层”。未上漆画作的清洁是目前讨论的最关键问题之一。已经有一些关于不同清洁工具的研究,如凝胶、肥皂、酶、离子液体和泡沫,以及各种干法和激光法,但只有少数研究涉及与原始颜料结合剂相关的水和有机溶剂在清洁处理中使用的风险。该研究的目的是分析性地验证水凝胶剂在清洁处理过程中的行为以及以下元素之间的相互作用:水或有机溶剂用于去除凝胶残留物与原始脂质颜料结合剂的相互作用。为此,该研究使用傅里叶变换红外光谱、气相色谱/质谱和扫描电子显微镜对来自乌迪内省的弗留利威尼斯朱利亚历史、艺术和民族人类学保护局(Friuli Venezia Giulia Historical, Artistic and Ethno-anthropological Heritage Superintendence)的画布绘画(十六至十七世纪)片段进行了研究。

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