Farrell Todd Charles, Keeping-Burke Lisa
Can J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2014 Winter;24(1):8-15.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) places great financial strain on the health care system and dramatically affects individual quality of life. As primary health care providers, nurse practitioners (NPs) are ideally positioned to advise clients on risk factor and lifestyle modifications that ameliorate the impact of CVD. While the lifestyle targets for CVD prevention are established, the most effective means of achieving these goals remain uncertain. Behaviour modification strategies, including motivational interviewing (MI) and the transtheoretical model (TTM), have been suggested, but neither approach is established as being more efficacious than the other. In this paper, evidence on the effectiveness of the two approaches for modifying smoking, diet, and exercise behaviour are presented, and a recommendation for NP practice is made.
心血管疾病（CVD）给医疗保健系统带来了巨大的经济压力，并极大地影响个人生活质量。作为初级医疗保健提供者，执业护士（NPs）处于理想位置，能够就改善心血管疾病影响的风险因素和生活方式改变向客户提供建议。虽然已经确立了心血管疾病预防的生活方式目标，但实现这些目标的最有效方法仍不确定。有人提出了行为改变策略，包括动机性访谈（MI）和跨理论模型（TTM），但这两种方法都未被证明比另一种更有效。本文介绍了这两种方法在改变吸烟、饮食和运动行为方面有效性的证据，并对执业护士的实践提出了建议。
