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遗传因素对人类饮食中减少盐分摄入、急性盐负荷或盐缺乏反应的影响。

Genetic influences on the response to dietary salt reduction, acute salt loading, or salt depletion in humans.

作者信息

Luft F C, Miller J Z, Weinberger M H, Christian J C, Skrabal F

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.

出版信息

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1988;12 Suppl 3:S49-55.

PMID:2467106
Abstract

The effect of heredity on blood pressure is established. However, not all genetically predisposed individuals develop an elevated blood pressure. Thus, an environmental factor may also be required for expression of this genetic predisposition. To elucidate this effect further, as well as to examine the relationship between inherited factors and the influence of salt intake, we conducted acute and chronic investigations in normal subjects. We present evidence that renal function, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and sympathetic nervous system are all influenced by genetic variance. We found that the blood pressure response to both acute changes in volume and changes in salt intake is normally distributed, supporting the notion of salt sensitivity and resistance of blood pressure. We identified phenotypes of haptoglobin as possibly useful indicators of salt sensitivity and resistance. We documented a parent-offspring resemblance in blood pressure and also a maternal-offspring resemblance in the change in blood pressure with salt reduction. We present evidence that suggests that salt-sensitive persons exhibit differences in renin-aldosterone relationships and natriuretic responses consistent with volume expansion compared to salt-resistant individuals. Finally, we identified a potential role for altered adrenoreceptors in the development of salt sensitivity. Our observations speak to the inherited nature of salt sensitivity and resistance of blood pressure. They may have mechanistic implications as well.

摘要

遗传对血压的影响已得到证实。然而,并非所有具有遗传易感性的个体都会出现血压升高。因此,这种遗传易感性的表达可能还需要环境因素。为了进一步阐明这种影响,以及研究遗传因素与盐摄入影响之间的关系,我们对正常受试者进行了急性和慢性研究。我们提供的证据表明,肾功能、肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统和交感神经系统均受基因变异的影响。我们发现,血压对血容量急性变化和盐摄入变化的反应呈正态分布,支持血压盐敏感性和抗性的概念。我们确定触珠蛋白的表型可能是盐敏感性和抗性的有用指标。我们记录了血压方面亲子相似性,以及盐减少时血压变化方面的母婴相似性。我们提供的证据表明,与盐抗性个体相比,盐敏感者在肾素 - 醛固酮关系和利钠反应方面表现出与容量扩张一致的差异。最后,我们确定了肾上腺受体改变在盐敏感性发展中的潜在作用。我们的观察结果表明了血压盐敏感性和抗性的遗传本质。它们可能也具有机制方面的意义。

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