Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1606, USA; La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, La Kretz Hall, Suite 300, 619 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-14966, USA.
Mol Ecol. 2014 May;23(9):2228-41. doi: 10.1111/mec.12736. Epub 2014 Apr 18.
As the field of phylogeography has matured, it has become clear that analyses of one or a few genes may reveal more about the history of those genes than the populations and species that are the targets of study. To alleviate these concerns, the discipline has moved towards larger analyses of more individuals and more genes, although little attention has been paid to the qualitative or quantitative gains that such increases in scale and scope may yield. Here, we increase the number of individuals and markers by an order of magnitude over previously published work to comprehensively assess the phylogeographical history of a well-studied declining species, the western pond turtle (Emys marmorata). We present a new analysis of 89 independent nuclear SNP markers and one mitochondrial gene sequence scored for rangewide sampling of >900 individuals, and compare these to smaller-scale, rangewide genetic and morphological analyses. Our enlarged SNP data fundamentally revise our understanding of evolutionary history for this lineage. Our results indicate that the gains from greatly increasing both the number of markers and individuals are substantial and worth the effort, particularly for species of high conservation concern such as the pond turtle, where accurate assessments of population history are a prerequisite for effective management.
随着系统地理学领域的成熟，人们越来越清楚地认识到，对一个或少数几个基因的分析可能揭示出这些基因的历史比作为研究对象的种群和物种的历史更多。为了缓解这些担忧，该学科已经转向对更多个体和更多基因进行更大规模的分析，尽管很少有人关注这种规模和范围的增加可能带来的定性或定量收益。在这里，我们将个体和标记的数量增加了一个数量级，超过了之前发表的工作，以全面评估研究充分的衰退物种——西部池塘龟（Emys marmorata）的系统地理学历史。我们对来自 >900 个个体的全分布范围样本进行了 89 个独立核 SNP 标记和一个线粒体基因序列的新分析，并将这些分析与较小规模的全分布范围遗传和形态学分析进行了比较。我们扩大的 SNP 数据从根本上修正了我们对该谱系进化历史的理解。我们的结果表明，大大增加标记和个体数量的收益是巨大的，值得付出努力，特别是对于像池塘龟这样高度关注保护的物种，准确评估种群历史是有效管理的前提。
