Zheng Minjuan, Zhu Yongsheng, Zhou Xiaodong, Chen Susan, Cong Rui, Chen Dingzhang
Ultrasound Department, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, 710032.
J Clin Ultrasound. 2014 Sep;42(7):417-22. doi: 10.1002/jcu.22155. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of high-frequency sonography (US) in diagnosing traumatic brachial plexus (BP) lesions and neoplasms in the adult.
Eleven patients with suspected BP closed trauma, 6 patients with BP neoplasm, and 12 healthy volunteers were scanned. The US findings were compared with surgical findings.
The interscalene space and intervertebral foramina were useful anatomic markers in identifying the BP. In the 24 sites examined in the normal group (12 subjects examined on both sides), the fifth to seventh cervical nerve roots (C5-7, including upper and middle trunk) were seen, whereas the eighth cervical and first thoracic nerve roots (C8, T1, including the lower trunk) were seen in 91.7% (22/24) of the subjects. The BP appeared as three or four discrete rounded hypoechoic nodules between the anterior scalene and middle scalene muscle in transverse views at the C5-7 level, representing the trunks in the sagittal oblique section. In the BP trauma group (n = 11), the normal nerve trunk was interrupted, and lesions were shown as thickening and swelling with indistinct inner structures. In the neoplasm group (n = 6), masses were shown as hypoechoic masses.
High-frequency US is valuable in diagnosing BP closed injuries and neoplasms.
评估高频超声（US）诊断成人创伤性臂丛神经（BP）损伤及肿瘤的可行性和准确性。
对11例疑似BP闭合性创伤患者、6例BP肿瘤患者及12名健康志愿者进行扫描。将超声检查结果与手术结果进行比较。
斜角肌间隙和椎间孔是识别BP的有用解剖标志。在正常组检查的24个部位（12名受试者双侧检查）中，可见第五至第七颈神经根（C5-7，包括上干和中干），而在91.7%（22/24）的受试者中可见第八颈神经根和第一胸神经根（C8、T1，包括下干）。在C5-7水平的横断面上，BP在斜角肌前肌和中斜角肌之间表现为三个或四个离散的圆形低回声结节，在矢状斜切面上代表神经干。在BP创伤组（n = 11）中，正常神经干中断，病变表现为增厚、肿胀，内部结构不清。在肿瘤组（n = 6）中，肿块表现为低回声肿块。
高频超声在诊断BP闭合性损伤和肿瘤方面具有重要价值。
