Martínez-Torres Javier, Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Grupo "El cuidar". Programa de Enfermería. Universidad de Pamplona. Norte de Santander. Colombia..
Grupo GICAEDS. Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación. Universidad Santo Tomás. Bogotá. DC. Colombia..
Nutr Hosp. 2014 Apr 1;29(4):832-7. doi: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.4.7226.
Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for cell growth, protein synthesis and cell differentiation. This deficiency affects the growth, development, energy metabolism and immune response in Colombian children's.
To examine factors associated with Zn deficiency in a representative sample of Colombian children.
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted of data from the 2010 National Nutrition Survey of Colombia (ENSIN 2010), in 4.279 children aged between 12-59 months of age. Plasma levels of Zn were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and associated factors (sex, age, ethnicity, SISBEN score, and geographic region) were collected by structured questionnaire. Associations were established through a multivariable regression model.
We found a range of Zn of 78.5 μg/dl, (95% CI 76.7 to 80.4 μg/dl). 43.3% (95% CI 42.2%-44.3%) of children had lower Zn levels to 65 μg/dl. Children belonging to an ethnic groups (indigenous) or residing in rural areas; showed Zn deficiency (56.3% and 47.8%) respectively. Regression models show that to be indigenous (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.41), and to reside in rural areas (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.67) were associated with Zn deficiency.
The study population shows a high prevalence of Zn deficiency, so it is recommended that comprehensive interventions which are involved nutritional and educational component.
锌（Zn）是细胞生长、蛋白质合成和细胞分化所必需的微量营养素。这种缺乏会影响哥伦比亚儿童的生长、发育、能量代谢和免疫反应。
在哥伦比亚儿童的代表性样本中研究与锌缺乏相关的因素。
对2010年哥伦比亚全国营养调查（ENSIN 2010）中4279名年龄在12至59个月之间儿童的数据进行了横断面描述性研究。通过原子吸收分光光度法测定血浆锌水平，并通过结构化问卷收集相关因素（性别、年龄、种族、SISBEN评分和地理区域）。通过多变量回归模型建立关联。
我们发现锌的范围为78.5μg/dl（95%置信区间76.7至80.4μg/dl）。43.3%（95%置信区间42.2%-44.3%）的儿童锌水平低于65μg/dl。属于某个种族群体（原住民）或居住在农村地区的儿童分别显示出锌缺乏（56.3%和47.8%）。回归模型表明，属于原住民（比值比1.76，95%置信区间1.29至2.41）以及居住在农村地区（比值比1.39，95%置信区间1.16至1.67）与锌缺乏有关。
研究人群显示锌缺乏的患病率很高，因此建议采取涉及营养和教育成分的综合干预措施。
