Martínez-Torres Javier, Meneses-Echavéz José F, Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Grupo «El Cuidar», Programa de Enfermería, Universidad de Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia.
Grupo GICAEDS, Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
Endocrinol Nutr. 2014 Nov;61(9):460-6. doi: 10.1016/j.endonu.2014.03.010. Epub 2014 May 23.
To examine the sociodemographic factors associated with subclinical vitamin A deficiency in a representative sample of Colombian children. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted of data from the 2010 National Nutrition Survey of Colombia (ENSIN 2010) on 4,279 children aged 12 to 59 months. Plasma vitamin A levels were measured using high resolution liquid chromatography (HRLC), and sociodemographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity, SISBEN score, and geographic region) were collected using a structured survey. Prevalence rates and associations were established using a multivariate regression model.
Vitamin A levels ranged from 7.5-93.7 μg/dL (mean=26.2; 95% CI, 25.9 to 26.5μg/dL). Vitamin A levels less than 20 μg/dL (subclinical deficiency) were found in 24.3% of children. Children belonging to ethnic groups of African ascent, those living in the Orinoquia and Amazonia regions, and those aged 12-23 months had the greatest subclinical vitamin A deficiencies (29.5%, 31.1%, and 27.6% respectively. Regression models showed that age ranging from 12 and 23 months (OR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.73), a SISBEN score 1 (OR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.34), an African ascent (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.74), and living in the Orinoquia and Amazonia regions (OR 2.38; 95% CI, 1.62 to 3.51) were factors associated to subclinical vitamin A deficiency.
The study population shows a high prevalence of subclinical vitamin A deficiency, and comprehensive interventions involving nutritional and educational components are therefore recommended.
在哥伦比亚儿童的代表性样本中研究与亚临床维生素A缺乏相关的社会人口学因素。对象与方法 对来自2010年哥伦比亚全国营养调查（ENSIN 2010）的4279名12至59个月大儿童的数据进行横断面描述性研究。采用高分辨率液相色谱法（HRLC）测量血浆维生素A水平，并通过结构化调查收集社会人口学因素（性别、年龄、种族、SISBEN评分和地理区域）。使用多变量回归模型确定患病率和关联。
维生素A水平范围为7.5 - 93.7μg/dL（均值 = 26.2；95%置信区间，25.9至26.5μg/dL）。24.3%的儿童维生素A水平低于20μg/dL（亚临床缺乏）。非洲裔儿童、居住在奥里诺科亚和亚马逊地区的儿童以及12 - 23个月大的儿童亚临床维生素A缺乏率最高（分别为29.5%、31.1%和27.6%）。回归模型显示，年龄在12至23个月（比值比1.32；95%置信区间，1.01至1.73）、SISBEN评分为1（比值比1.66；95%置信区间，1.18至2.34）、非洲裔（比值比1.35；95%置信区间，1.05至1.74）以及居住在奥里诺科亚和亚马逊地区（比值比2.38；95%置信区间，1.62至3.51）是与亚临床维生素A缺乏相关的因素。
研究人群中亚临床维生素A缺乏患病率较高，因此建议采取包括营养和教育成分的综合干预措施。
