Int J Health Serv. 2014;44(1):113-36. doi: 10.2190/HS.44.1.g.
This article is the first to examine the association between self-reported general health and a wide range of working conditions at the European level and by type of welfare state regime. Data for 21,705 men and women ages 16 to 60 from 27 European countries were obtained from the 2010 European Working Conditions Survey. The influence of individual-level sociodemographic, physical, and psychosocial working conditions and of the organization of work were assessed in multilevel logistic regression analyses, with additional stratification by welfare state regime type (Anglo-Saxon, Bismarckian, Eastern European, Scandinavian, and Southern). At the European level, we found that "not good" general health was more likely to be reported by workers more exposed to hazardous working conditions. Most notably, tiring working positions, job strain, and temporary job contracts were strongly associated with a higher likelihood of reporting "not good" health. Analysis by welfare state regime found that only tiring or painful working conditions were consistently associated with worse self-reported health in all regimes. There was no evidence that the Scandinavian welfare regime protected against the adverse health effects of poor working conditions. The article concludes by examining the implications for comparative occupational health research.
这是第一篇在欧洲层面上，通过福利国家制度类型，检验自报一般健康状况与广泛工作条件之间关联的文章。本研究的数据来源于 27 个欧洲国家 21705 名年龄在 16 至 60 岁的男性和女性，他们参与了 2010 年欧洲工作条件调查。在多水平逻辑回归分析中，评估了个体层面的社会人口统计学、生理和心理社会工作条件以及工作组织的影响，并按福利国家制度类型（盎格鲁-撒克逊、俾斯麦、东欧、斯堪的纳维亚和南欧）进行了额外的分层。在欧洲层面上，我们发现接触危险工作条件较多的工人更有可能报告“健康不佳”。值得注意的是，疲劳的工作岗位、工作压力和临时工作合同与报告“健康不佳”的可能性增加有很强的关联。按福利国家制度的分析发现，只有疲劳或疼痛的工作条件在所有制度中都与较差的自我报告健康状况密切相关。没有证据表明斯堪的纳维亚福利制度能预防较差的工作条件对健康的不利影响。文章最后探讨了对比较职业健康研究的影响。
