Lepers C, Dergham M, Armand L, Billet S, Verdin A, Andre V, Pottier D, Courcot D, Shirali P, Sichel F
Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; ULCO, UCEIV EA4492, F-59140 Dunkerque, France.
Normandie Université, Caen, France; UCBN, ABTE EA4651, F-14032 Caen, France; Centre François Baclesse, F-14076 Caen, France.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2014 Aug;28(5):866-74. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.03.011. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
Airborne particulate matter has recently been classified by the IARC as carcinogenic to humans (group 1). However, the link between PM chemical composition and its carcinogenicity is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and to compare genotoxic potencies of 6 native PM samples collected in spring-summer or autumn-winter, either in industrial, urban or rural area. We evaluated their mutagenicity through Ames test on YG1041, TA98, and TA102 tester strains, and their clastogenicity on human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells using comet assay, γ-H2AX quantification, and micronucleus assay. Ames test results showed a strong positive response, presumably associated with nitro-aromatics content. In addition, at least 2 positive responses were observed out of the 3 genotoxicity assays for each of the 6 samples, demonstrating their clastogenicity. Our data suggest that PM samples collected in autumn-winter season are more genotoxic than those collected in spring-summer, potentially because of higher concentrations of adsorbed organic compounds. Taken together, our results showed the mutagenicity and clastogenicity of native PM₂.₅ samples from different origins, and bring additional elements to explain the newly recognized carcinogenicity of outdoor air pollution.
空气传播的颗粒物最近被国际癌症研究机构（IARC）归类为对人类致癌（第1组）。然而，颗粒物的化学成分与其致癌性之间的联系仍不清楚。本研究的目的是评估和比较在春夏季或秋冬季采集的6个本地颗粒物样本的遗传毒性潜力，这些样本分别来自工业、城市或农村地区。我们通过对YG1041、TA98和TA102测试菌株进行艾姆斯试验来评估它们的致突变性，并使用彗星试验、γ-H2AX定量和微核试验来评估它们对人支气管上皮BEAS-2B细胞的染色体断裂作用。艾姆斯试验结果显示出强烈的阳性反应，推测与硝基芳烃含量有关。此外，6个样本中的每一个在3种遗传毒性试验中至少观察到2个阳性反应，证明了它们的染色体断裂作用。我们的数据表明，秋冬季采集的颗粒物样本比春夏季采集的样本具有更强的遗传毒性，这可能是由于吸附的有机化合物浓度更高。综上所述，我们的结果显示了不同来源的本地PM₂.₅样本的致突变性和染色体断裂作用，并为解释新认识到的室外空气污染致癌性提供了更多依据。
