Kapoor Bhupinder, Singh Sachin Kumar, Gulati Monica, Gupta Reena, Vaidya Yogyata
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2014 Feb 4;2014:978351. doi: 10.1155/2014/978351. eCollection 2014.
The most common treatments for rheumatoid arthritis include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and some biological agents. However, none of the treatments available is able to achieve the ultimate goal of treatment, that is, drug-free remission. This limitation has shifted the focus of treatment to delivery strategies with an ability to deliver the drugs into the synovial cavity in the proper dosage while mitigating side effects to other tissues. A number of approaches like microemulsions, microspheres, liposomes, microballoons, cocrystals, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, microsponges, and so forth, have been used for intrasynovial delivery of these drugs. Amongst these, liposomes have proven to be very effective for retaining the drug in the synovial cavity by virtue of their size and chemical composition. The fast clearance of intra-synovially administered drugs can be overcome by use of liposomes leading to increased uptake of drugs by the target synovial cells, which in turn reduces the exposure of nontarget sites and eliminates most of the undesirable effects associated with therapy. This review focuses on the use of liposomes in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and summarizes data relating to the liposome formulations of various drugs. It also discusses emerging trends of this promising technology.
类风湿性关节炎最常见的治疗方法包括非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、皮质类固醇、改善病情抗风湿药（DMARDs）以及一些生物制剂。然而，现有的治疗方法都无法实现治疗的最终目标，即无药缓解。这一局限性已将治疗重点转向给药策略，该策略应能够以适当剂量将药物输送到滑膜腔，同时减轻对其他组织的副作用。许多方法，如微乳液、微球、脂质体、微球囊、共晶体、纳米乳液、树枝状大分子、微海绵等，已被用于这些药物的滑膜内给药。其中，脂质体因其大小和化学成分，已被证明在将药物保留在滑膜腔中非常有效。通过使用脂质体可以克服滑膜内给药药物的快速清除，从而导致靶滑膜细胞对药物的摄取增加，这反过来又减少了非靶部位的暴露，并消除了与治疗相关的大多数不良影响。本综述重点关注脂质体在类风湿性关节炎治疗中的应用，并总结了与各种药物脂质体制剂相关的数据。它还讨论了这项有前景的技术的新趋势。
