Shakoori Ar, Ahmad A
School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab , Quid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590. Pakistan.
J Stem Cells Regen Med. 2013 Oct 15;9(2):29-36. doi: 10.46582/jsrm.0902007. eCollection 2013.
Arsenic and lead, known to have genotoxic and mutagenic effects, are ubiquitously distributed in the environment. The presence of arsenic in drinking water has been a serious health problem in many countries. Human exposure to these metals has also increased due to rapid industrialization and their use in formulation of many products. Liposuction material is a rich source of stem cells. In the present study cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of these metals were tested on adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). Cells were exposed to 1-10 μg/ml and 10-100 μg/ml concentration of arsenic and lead, respectively, for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The cytotoxic effects were measured by neutral red uptake assay, while the genotoxic effects were tested by comet assay. The growth of cells decreased with increasing concentration and the duration of exposure to arsenic. Even the morphology of cells was changed; they became round at 10 μg /ml of arsenic. The cell growth was also decreased after exposure to lead, though it proved to be less toxic when cells were exposed for longer duration. The cell morphology remained unchanged. DNA damage was observed in the metal treated cells. Different parameters of comet assay were investigated for control and treated cells which indicated more DNA damage in arsenic treated cells compared to that of lead. Intact nuclei were observed in control cells. Present study clearly demonstrates that both arsenic and lead have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on AMSCs, though arsenic compared to lead has more deleterious effects on AMSCs.
已知具有遗传毒性和致突变性的砷和铅在环境中广泛分布。饮用水中砷的存在在许多国家一直是严重的健康问题。由于快速工业化以及它们在许多产品配方中的使用，人类对这些金属的接触也有所增加。抽脂材料是干细胞的丰富来源。在本研究中，测试了这些金属对脂肪来源间充质干细胞（AMSCs）的细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用。细胞分别暴露于1 - 10μg/ml和10 - 100μg/ml浓度的砷和铅中，持续6、12、24和48小时。通过中性红摄取试验测量细胞毒性作用，同时通过彗星试验测试遗传毒性作用。随着砷浓度和暴露时间的增加，细胞生长减少。甚至细胞形态也发生了变化；在10μg/ml的砷浓度下它们变成了圆形。暴露于铅后细胞生长也减少，不过当细胞暴露较长时间时，铅的毒性较小。细胞形态保持不变。在金属处理的细胞中观察到DNA损伤。对对照细胞和处理细胞研究了彗星试验的不同参数，结果表明与铅处理的细胞相比，砷处理的细胞中DNA损伤更多。在对照细胞中观察到完整的细胞核。本研究清楚地表明，砷和铅对AMSCs都具有细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用，不过与铅相比，砷对AMSCs的有害影响更大。
