Billiet Laura, Doaty Sarah, Katz James D, Velasquez Manuel T
Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
ISRN Rheumatol. 2014 Feb 16;2014:852954. doi: 10.1155/2014/852954. eCollection 2014.
Hyperuricemia has long been established as the major etiologic factor in gout. In recent years, a large body of evidence has accumulated that suggests that hyperuricemia may play a role in the development and pathogenesis of a number of metabolic, hemodynamic, and systemic pathologic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, stroke, and atherosclerosis. A number of epidemiologic studies have linked hyperuricemia with each of these disorders. In some studies, therapies that lower uric acid may prevent or improve certain components of the metabolic syndrome. There is an association between uric acid and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus; the connection between other rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis is less clear. The mechanism for the role of uric acid in disorders other than gout is not well established but recent investigations point towards systemic inflammation induced by urate, as the major pathophysiological event common to systemic diseases, including atherosclerosis.
高尿酸血症长期以来一直被确认为痛风的主要病因。近年来，大量证据不断积累，表明高尿酸血症可能在多种代谢、血液动力学及全身性病理疾病的发生和发病机制中发挥作用，这些疾病包括代谢综合征、高血压、中风和动脉粥样硬化。多项流行病学研究已将高尿酸血症与上述每种疾病联系起来。在一些研究中，降低尿酸的疗法可能预防或改善代谢综合征的某些组成部分。尿酸与系统性红斑狼疮的发生之间存在关联；而尿酸与类风湿关节炎和骨关节炎等其他风湿性疾病之间的联系则不太明确。尿酸在痛风以外的疾病中发挥作用的机制尚未完全明确，但最近的研究表明，尿酸诱导的全身炎症是包括动脉粥样硬化在内的全身性疾病共同的主要病理生理事件。
