Rösch Tanja, Schaper Elisabeth, Tipold Andrea, Fischer Martin R, Ehlers Jan P
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2014 Mar-Apr;127(3-4):89-98.
In the education of veterinary medicine undergraduate students are taught theoretical knowledge and practical clinical skills in order to become practically trained professionals. A possibility to teach practical skills is a center for clinical skills ("Clinical Skills Lab"). Students can train skills and gain experience through frequent repetitions of exercises. To respect animal welfare and introduce alternative methods to animal testing simulators and models are used in such a skills lab. In the current study the demands for a center for clinical skills and its equipment should be identified. The hypothesis should be proven, that students and teachers of veterinary medicine are highly motivated to enhance the education in practical skills. Focus group interviews were conducted with students, veterinarians (private practitioners), lecturers of veterinary medicine and experts for simulation of clinical skills. Needs and requirements of students participating in skills lab classes were identified.The interviews were conducted in individual or in group interviews. Many opinions, topics and needs were expressed, from which great benefit for the development of the skills lab can be drawn. The hypothesis that a skills lab is supported by all participants had to be rejected. Especially students were afraid of this new lab, because no former experience existed. In the interviews many needs and requirements were raised. However, they could easily be summarized to formulate an accurate list of requirements for the Clinical Skills Lab. A Skills Lab planned taking into consideration the results of this qualitative study will have a positive impact on veterinary medical education and teaching. According to empirical values of experts from other Skills Labs a widespread acceptance by the users can be expected on a long-term basis.
在兽医学教育中，本科学生要学习理论知识和临床实践技能，以便成为经过实践训练的专业人员。教授实践技能的一种方式是设立临床技能中心（“临床技能实验室”）。学生可以通过频繁重复练习来训练技能并积累经验。为了尊重动物福利并引入替代动物试验的方法，此类技能实验室会使用模拟器和模型。在当前研究中，应确定对临床技能中心及其设备的需求。应证明这样一个假设，即兽医学的学生和教师有很高的积极性来加强实践技能教育。对学生、兽医（私人执业者）、兽医学讲师和临床技能模拟专家进行了焦点小组访谈。确定了参加技能实验室课程的学生的需求和要求。访谈以个人或小组访谈的形式进行。提出了许多意见、话题和需求，从中可以为技能实验室的发展带来很大益处。必须否定所有参与者都支持技能实验室这一假设。特别是学生们对这个新实验室感到害怕，因为他们没有相关经验。访谈中提出了许多需求和要求。然而，可以很容易地将它们总结起来，以制定一份临床技能实验室准确的要求清单。考虑到这项定性研究结果而规划的技能实验室将对兽医学教育和教学产生积极影响。根据其他技能实验室专家的经验值，预计从长远来看用户会广泛接受。
