Bischof P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Am J Perinatol. 1989 Apr;6(2):110-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999559.
The three pregnancy proteins, PP12, PP14, and PAPP-A, reviewed here are all produced by the endometrium under the influence of progesterone. Their production is low during the secretory phase and increases dramatically after decidualization and pregnancy. PP12 and PP14 are synthesized by the epithelial cells and PAPP-A is synthesized by the stromal cells. Reflecting perhaps the relative abundance of stromal cells, PAPP-A concentrations increase progressively to term, whereas the levels of PP12 and PP14 level off and even decline after the 20th week of gestation. These proteins are also found in nonpregnant subjects in extrauterine sites: follicles, follicular fluid, luteal cells, and fallopian tubes, and in males, in seminal vesicles and seminal fluid. PP12 has been found in several forms of cancer, although not with sufficient frequency to make it a useful tumor marker. The biologic function of these proteins is still subject to speculation, but they do reflect the biosynthetic capacity of decidualized endometrium, and especially PP14 may find clinical application in the management of infertility patients.
本文所综述的三种妊娠蛋白，即PP12、PP14和妊娠相关血浆蛋白A（PAPP - A），均由子宫内膜在孕激素的影响下产生。它们在分泌期产量较低，在蜕膜化和妊娠后显著增加。PP12和PP14由上皮细胞合成，PAPP - A由基质细胞合成。或许反映了基质细胞的相对丰度，PAPP - A浓度在足月时逐渐升高，而PP12和PP14的水平在妊娠20周后趋于平稳甚至下降。这些蛋白在非妊娠个体的子宫外部位也有发现：卵泡、卵泡液、黄体细胞和输卵管，在男性中，在精囊和精液中也有发现。PP12已在多种癌症中被发现，尽管出现频率不足以使其成为一种有用的肿瘤标志物。这些蛋白的生物学功能仍有待推测，但它们确实反映了蜕膜化子宫内膜的生物合成能力，尤其是PP14可能在不孕症患者的管理中找到临床应用。
