Øyeflaten Irene, Midtgarden Inger Johanne, Maeland Silje, Eriksen Hege R, Magnussen Liv Heide
The National Centre for Occupational Rehabilitation - a National Advisory Unit, Norway Uni Health, Uni Research, Norway
The National Centre for Occupational Rehabilitation - a National Advisory Unit, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2014 Jul;42(5):425-33. doi: 10.1177/1403494814528291. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
The aim of this study was to explore how functional ability, coping and health were related to work and benefit status three years after participating in a four-week inpatient interdisciplinary occupational rehabilitation program.
The cohort consisted of 338 individuals (75% females, mean age 51 years (SD=8.6)) who three years earlier had participated in a comprehensive inpatient interdisciplinary occupational rehabilitation program, due to long-term sick leave. The participants answered standardised questionnaires about subjective health complaints, functional ability, coping, and current work and benefit status. The relationships between these variables were analysed using logistic regression analyses.
At the time of the survey, 59% of the participants worked at least 50% of a full working day. Twenty-five percent received at least 50% disability pension and 16% received other benefits. Poor functional ability (OR 4.8; CI 3.0-7.6), poor general health (OR 3.8; CI 2.3-6.1), high level of subjective health complaints (OR 3.3; CI 2.1-5.2), low coping (OR 2.8; CI 1.7-4.4), poor physical fitness (OR 2.8; CI 1.7-4.6) and poor sleep quality (OR 2.4; CI 1.5-3.7) were associated with receiving allowances. In a fully adjusted model, only poor functional ability and low coping were associated with receiving allowances three years after occupational rehabilitation.
Functional ability and coping were the variables most strongly associated with not having returned to work. More attention should therefore be paid to enhance these factors in occupational rehabilitation programs. Part-time work may be a feasible way to integrate individuals with reduced workability in working life, if the alternative is complete absence from work.
本研究旨在探讨在参加为期四周的住院跨学科职业康复计划三年后，功能能力、应对方式和健康状况如何与工作及福利状况相关。
该队列由338名个体组成（75%为女性，平均年龄51岁（标准差=8.6）），他们三年前因长期病假参加了一个全面的住院跨学科职业康复计划。参与者回答了关于主观健康问题、功能能力、应对方式以及当前工作和福利状况的标准化问卷。使用逻辑回归分析来分析这些变量之间的关系。
在调查时，59%的参与者至少从事相当于全日工作日50%的工作。25%的人领取至少相当于全额残疾抚恤金50%的金额，16%的人领取其他福利。功能能力差（比值比4.8；可信区间3.0 - 7.6）、总体健康状况差（比值比3.8；可信区间2.3 - 6.1）、主观健康问题程度高（比值比3.3；可信区间2.1 - 5.2）、应对能力低（比值比2.8；可信区间1.7 - 4.4）、身体素质差（比值比2.8；可信区间1.7 - 4.6）和睡眠质量差（比值比2.4；可信区间1.5 - 3.7）与领取津贴相关。在一个完全调整的模型中，职业康复三年后，只有功能能力差和应对能力低与领取津贴相关。
功能能力和应对方式是与未重返工作岗位关联最紧密的变量。因此，在职业康复计划中应更加关注增强这些因素。如果替代方案是完全不工作，兼职工作可能是将工作能力下降的个体融入工作生活的一种可行方式。
