Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
Environ Manage. 2014 Jun;53(6):1119-31. doi: 10.1007/s00267-014-0268-0. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Environmental dredging is an efficient means to counteract the eutrophication of water bodies caused by endogenous release of nitrogen and/or phosphorus from polluted sediments. The huge operational cost and subsequent disposal cost of the dredged polluted sediments, as well as the adverse effect on the benthic environment caused by excessive dredging, make the currently adopted dredging methods unfavorable. Precise dredging, i.e., determining the dredging depth based on the pollution level, not only significantly decreases the costs but also leaves a uniform favorable environment for benthos. However, there is still no feasible process to make this promising method executable. Taking a river heavily polluted by organic compounds as an example, we proposed an executable precise dredging process, including sediment survey, model establishment, data interpolation, and calculation of dredging amount. Compared with the traditional dredging method, the precise one would save 16 to 45% of cost according to different pollutant removal demands. This precise dredging method was adopted by the National Water Project of China to treat the endogenous pollution of Nanfei River in 2010. This research provides a universal scientific and engineering basis for sediment dredging projects.
环境疏浚是一种有效的手段，可以抵消受污染沉积物内源氮和/或磷释放引起的水体富营养化。疏浚受污染沉积物的巨大运营成本和后续处置成本，以及过度疏浚对底栖环境造成的不利影响，使得目前采用的疏浚方法不利。精确疏浚，即根据污染水平确定疏浚深度，不仅显著降低了成本，而且为底栖生物留下了一个均匀有利的环境。然而，仍然没有可行的工艺来实现这种有前途的方法。以一条受有机化合物严重污染的河流为例，我们提出了一种可行的精确疏浚工艺，包括沉积物调查、模型建立、数据插值和疏浚量计算。与传统的疏浚方法相比，根据不同的污染物去除需求，精确疏浚方法可节省 16%至 45%的成本。中国国家水项目于 2010 年采用精确疏浚方法来处理内源污染的南淝河。本研究为底泥疏浚工程提供了普遍的科学和工程基础。
