Bolen Rebecca M, Gergely Kellie B
College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2015 Jul;16(3):258-79. doi: 10.1177/1524838014526307. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Postdisclosure caregiver support has long been considered a key factor in the functioning of children after their disclosure of sexual abuse, and numerous studies and reviews support this relationship. Yet, a closer look at this literature suggests that support for this relationship might not be as strong or consistent as reported. The purpose of this article is to review studies assessing the relationship between caregiver support of sexually abused children and postdisclosure functioning of their children. Studies were collected using various search engines, and the tables of contents of certain child maltreatment journals were reviewed. To be included, studies had to be published prior to 2012 and to quantitatively capture the bivariate relationship between a quantified assessment of nonoffending caregiver (NOC) support anytime after the child's sexual abuse disclosure and a quantified assessment of at least 1 of the 11 types of postdisclosure functioning in the children. Twenty-nine studies met the criteria to be included. In the meta-analysis, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation, transformed to a Fisher's Z, was used as the effect size. Potential moderators of effect size were also coded and assessed. Postdisclosure caregiver support was significantly related to 3 of the 11 different types of postdisclosure functioning in children. However, the largest effect size was .170, and 8 of the 11 types of postdisclosure functioning in children had effect sizes smaller than ±.100. Few moderators of the relationship between NOC support and postdisclosure functioning in children were found. Minimal support for the relationship between caregiver support of sexually abused children and children's postdisclosure functioning was found. At this time, it is impossible to determine whether this weak relationship can be attributed to the many methodological weaknesses in the measurement of caregiver support or whether caregiver support is not related to postdisclosure functioning in children.
长期以来，性侵事件披露后照顾者的支持一直被视为儿童披露性虐待后机能运作的关键因素，众多研究和综述都支持这种关系。然而，仔细审视这些文献会发现，对这种关系的支持可能并不像报道的那样有力或一致。本文旨在综述评估性侵儿童的照顾者支持与其披露后机能运作之间关系的研究。研究通过各种搜索引擎收集，并查阅了某些儿童虐待期刊的目录。要纳入研究，必须在2012年之前发表，并且要定量捕捉儿童性虐待披露后任何时间对非犯罪照顾者（NOC）支持的量化评估与对儿童披露后11种机能运作类型中至少1种的量化评估之间的双变量关系。29项研究符合纳入标准。在荟萃分析中，皮尔逊积差相关系数（转换为费舍尔Z值）被用作效应量。还对效应量的潜在调节因素进行了编码和评估。性侵事件披露后照顾者的支持与儿童披露后11种不同机能运作类型中的3种显著相关。然而，最大效应量为0.170，儿童披露后11种机能运作类型中有8种的效应量小于±0.100。几乎没有发现非犯罪照顾者支持与儿童披露后机能运作之间关系的调节因素。研究发现性侵儿童的照顾者支持与儿童披露后机能运作之间的关系甚微。目前，无法确定这种微弱关系是可归因于照顾者支持测量中的许多方法学弱点，还是照顾者支持与儿童披露后机能运作无关。
