Chae Yoojin, Goodman Gail S, Larson Rakel P, Augusti Else-Marie, Alley Deborah, VanMeenen Kirsten M, Culver Michelle, Coulter Kevin P
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2014 Jul;123:90-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Our goal was to identify individual difference predictors of children's memory and suggestibility for distressing personally experienced events. Specifically, we examined children's and parents' attachment orientations and children's observable levels of distress, as well as other individual difference factors, as predictors of children's memory and suggestibility. Children (N=91) aged 3 to 6years were interviewed about inoculations received at medical clinics. For children whose parents scored as more avoidant, higher distress levels during the inoculations predicted less accuracy, whereas for children whose parents scored as less avoidant, higher distress levels predicted greater accuracy. Children with more rather than less positive representations of parents and older rather than younger children answered memory questions more accurately. Two children provided false reports of child sexual abuse. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
我们的目标是确定儿童对痛苦的个人经历事件的记忆和受暗示性的个体差异预测因素。具体而言，我们考察了儿童和父母的依恋取向、儿童可观察到的痛苦程度，以及其他个体差异因素，作为儿童记忆和受暗示性的预测因素。对91名3至6岁的儿童进行了访谈，询问他们在医疗诊所接种疫苗的情况。对于父母回避程度较高的儿童，接种疫苗期间较高的痛苦程度预示着记忆准确性较低；而对于父母回避程度较低的儿童，较高的痛苦程度预示着记忆准确性较高。对父母有更多而非更少积极表征的儿童，以及年龄较大而非较小的儿童，回答记忆问题更准确。有两名儿童提供了关于儿童性虐待的虚假报告。文中讨论了该研究对理论、研究和实践的启示。
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