Kulkofsky Sarah, Klemfuss J Zoe
Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2008 Sep;44(5):1442-56. doi: 10.1037/a0012849.
The authors examined the relation between children's narrative ability, which has been identified as an important contributor to memory development, and suggestibility. Across 2 studies, a total of 112 preschool-aged children witnessed a staged event and were subsequently questioned suggestively. Results from Study 1 indicated that children's ability to provide a high-quality narrative of the event was related to resistance to suggestive questions, and narrative ability appeared to supersede age as a predictor of such resistance. In Study 2, children's general language and narrative abilities were measured in addition to their ability to produce a high-quality narrative about the target event. These results replicated Study 1's findings that children's ability to produce a high-quality narrative of a previously experienced event predicted resistance to suggestion. However, the quality of children's autobiographical memory narratives predicted shifting from denial to assent. Findings are considered in light of narrative's role in memory development and underlying mechanisms that may explain children's suggestibility.
作者们研究了已被确定为对记忆发展有重要促进作用的儿童叙事能力与易受暗示性之间的关系。在两项研究中，共有112名学龄前儿童目睹了一个 staged 事件，随后受到诱导性询问。研究1的结果表明，儿童对该事件提供高质量叙事的能力与对诱导性问题的抵抗力有关，并且叙事能力似乎超越年龄，成为这种抵抗力的一个预测指标。在研究2中，除了儿童对目标事件进行高质量叙事的能力外，还测量了他们的一般语言和叙事能力。这些结果重复了研究1的发现，即儿童对先前经历事件进行高质量叙事的能力可预测其对暗示的抵抗力。然而，儿童自传体记忆叙事的质量可预测从否认到同意的转变。根据叙事在记忆发展中的作用以及可能解释儿童易受暗示性的潜在机制对研究结果进行了考量。
