Kumar M Rajesh, Kumar G P Vignan, Babu P Ramesh, Kumar S Satish, Subrahmanyam B V, Veeraprasad M, Rammohan P, Srinivas M, Agrawal Amit
Department of Medicine, Narayana Medical College Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Ann Afr Med. 2014 Apr-Jun;13(2):71-5. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.129876.
We have herein reported our experience with the pattern of presentation of cases of acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning cases in a tertiary care hospital.
This retrospective study evaluated the hospital records of patients with acute OP poisoning. In a pre-structured proforma, data regarding age, sex, time elapsed after intake, circumstances of poisoning, duration of hospitalization, severity, complications, and outcome of the patients were recorded. The data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, entered in the open office datasheet, and analyzed with PSPP software.
A total 101 patients were included in the study. Young adult males were more commonly involved than females (M:F 2.5:1). The mean age of the patients was 28 years (range 2-72 years, SD ± 14.3 years). Mean time to receive treatment was 5.2 ± 7.4 (range 1-48 h). About 45.5% patients received first aid before coming to the hospital. The reason was suicide in 88.1% cases and accident in 12 (11.9%, all children). Seventy-nine patients received pralidoxime (PAM) and the mean duration was 1.7 ± 1.1 (range 1-4 days). Atropine was given in all patients. Mean duration was 5.1 ± 3.1 (range 1-19 days). Mean hospital stay was 7.5 ± 4.7 days (range 1-26 days). Mortality was 9.9% in the present series.
Although the present study contribute substantial information regarding the epidemiology and outcome of acute OP poisoning in a tertiary care teaching hospital at a district level, its relatively small sample size and the retrospective record-based nature are the major limitations of the present study. There is a further need for prospective studies to understand the underlying socio-economic factors responsible for acute OP poisoning in our population, and, accordingly, address the problems to reduce the incidence of acute OP poisoning cases.
我们在此报告了在一家三级医疗机构中急性有机磷（OP）中毒病例的呈现模式方面的经验。
这项回顾性研究评估了急性OP中毒患者的医院记录。在预先设计的表格中，记录了患者的年龄、性别、摄入后经过的时间、中毒情况、住院时间、严重程度、并发症及预后等数据。数据以均值±标准差表示，录入开放式办公数据表，并使用PSPP软件进行分析。
本研究共纳入101例患者。青年成年男性比女性更常受累（男∶女为2.5∶1）。患者的平均年龄为28岁（范围2 - 72岁，标准差±14.3岁）。平均接受治疗时间为5.2±7.4（范围1 - 48小时）。约45.5%的患者在入院前接受了急救。原因在88.1%的病例中是自杀，12例（11.9%，均为儿童）是意外。79例患者接受了氯解磷定（PAM），平均疗程为1.7±1.1（范围1 - 4天）。所有患者均给予了阿托品。平均疗程为5.1±3.1（范围1 - 19天）。平均住院时间为7.5±4.7天（范围1 - 26天）。本系列的死亡率为9.9%。
尽管本研究为区级三级医疗教学医院中急性OP中毒的流行病学和预后提供了大量信息，但其相对较小的样本量和基于回顾性记录的性质是本研究的主要局限性。进一步需要进行前瞻性研究，以了解导致我国人群急性OP中毒的潜在社会经济因素，并据此解决问题以降低急性OP中毒病例的发生率。
