Kleinewietfeld Markus, Hafler David A
Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Dresden University of Technology (TUD), Dresden, Germany.
Immunol Rev. 2014 May;259(1):231-44. doi: 10.1111/imr.12169.
Regulatory T cells are the central element for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Several subtypes of regulatory T (Treg) cells have been described, and most of them belong to the CD4(+) T-helper (Th) cell lineage. These specific subtypes can be discriminated according to phenotype and function. Forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)-expressing natural Treg cells (Tregs) and IL-10-producing, T-regulatory type 1 cells (Tr1) are the best-studied types of CD4(+) regulatory T cells in humans and experimental animal models. It was shown that they play a crucial role during autoimmune neuroinflammation. Both cells types seem to be particularly important for multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we discuss the role of CD4(+) regulatory T cells in autoimmune neuroinflammation with an emphasis on Tregs and Tr1 cells in MS.
调节性T细胞是维持外周免疫耐受的核心要素。已描述了几种调节性T（Treg）细胞亚型，其中大多数属于CD4(+)辅助性T（Th）细胞谱系。这些特定亚型可根据表型和功能进行区分。表达叉头框蛋白3（FoxP3）的天然Treg细胞（Tregs）和产生白细胞介素-10的1型调节性T细胞（Tr1）是在人类和实验动物模型中研究得最为深入的CD4(+)调节性T细胞类型。研究表明，它们在自身免疫性神经炎症过程中发挥着关键作用。这两种细胞类型似乎对多发性硬化症（MS）尤为重要。在此，我们讨论CD4(+)调节性T细胞在自身免疫性神经炎症中的作用，重点关注MS中的Tregs和Tr1细胞。
