Feldmann U, Ready P D
Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, PO Box 100, Vienna A-1400, Austria.
Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
Acta Trop. 2014 Oct;138 Suppl:S1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.03.025. Epub 2014 Apr 5.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have supported a Co-ordinated Research Project (CRP) on 'Applying GIS and population genetics for managing livestock insect pests'. This six-year CRP (2008-2013) focused on research aimed at under-pinning the Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management (AW-IPM) of populations of tsetse and screwworm flies, and this introductory paper to the Special Issue integrates the findings of the CRP participants and discusses them in a broader context. The tools and techniques for mapping and modelling the distributions of genetically-characterised populations of tsetse and screwworm flies are increasingly used by researchers and managers for more effective decision-making in AW-IPM programmes, as illustrated by the reports in this Special Issue. Currently, the insect pests are often characterized only by neutral genetic markers suitable for recognizing spatially isolated populations that are sometimes associated with specific environments. Two challenges for those involved in AW-IPM are the standardization of best practice to permit the efficient application of GIS and genetic tools by regional teams, and the need to develop further the mapping and modelling of parasite and pest phenotypes that are epidemiologically important.
联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）和国际原子能机构（IAEA）支持了一个关于“应用地理信息系统和种群遗传学管理家畜害虫”的协调研究项目（CRP）。这个为期六年的CRP（2008 - 2013年）专注于旨在为采采蝇和螺旋锥蝇种群的区域综合虫害管理（AW - IPM）提供支撑的研究，并且这期特刊的这篇引言性文章整合了CRP参与者的研究结果，并在更广泛的背景下进行了讨论。如这期特刊中的报告所示，研究人员和管理人员越来越多地使用用于绘制和模拟采采蝇和螺旋锥蝇遗传特征种群分布的工具和技术，以便在AW - IPM计划中做出更有效的决策。目前，害虫通常仅由适合识别有时与特定环境相关的空间隔离种群的中性遗传标记来表征。参与AW - IPM的人员面临的两个挑战是规范最佳实践，以便区域团队能够高效应用地理信息系统和遗传工具，以及需要进一步开展对具有重要流行病学意义的寄生虫和害虫表型的绘制和建模工作。
