Guo Yiming, Chen Sheng, Li Zaiyun, Cowling Wallace A
From the School of Plant Biology (M084), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia (Guo and Chen); the UWA Institute of Agriculture (M082), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia (Guo, Chen, and Cowling); and the National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China (Guo and Li).
J Hered. 2014 Jul-Aug;105(4):555-565. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esu021. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
Brassica rapa is the most widely distributed and has the longest history of domestication of the agricultural Brassica species. Molecular genetic diversity, based on 51 simple sequence repeat primer pairs and 715 alleles at polymorphic loci, was used to predict the center of origin and centers of diversity in a global collection of 173 B. rapa accessions. The accessions were separated into 3 molecular genetic groups based on STRUCTURE analysis-group 1 from the classical Old World (Europe and west Asia-north Africa), group 2 from east Asia, and group 3 from east, central, south, and southeast Asia. Accessions classified as "wild" (B. rapa var. sylvestris) were found only in group 1 and this group had the highest number and richness of private alleles. Each group included a diverse range of agricultural morphotypes (oilseed, root, or leafy vegetable types), flowering habit (winter, semi-winter, or spring type), self-compatibility or incompatibility, and seed color. The Old World and east, south, and central Asia were distinct subpopulations based on analysis of shared unique alleles. This study supports the theory that the classical Old World is the center of origin of B. rapa, with centers of diversity in east Asia and along ancient trade routes in Asia, with recent migration to the New World.
白菜是分布最广且驯化历史最长的栽培芸苔属物种。基于51对简单序列重复引物对和多态性位点上的715个等位基因，利用分子遗传多样性对全球收集的173份白菜种质资源的起源中心和多样性中心进行了预测。根据结构分析，这些种质被分为3个分子遗传组：第1组来自传统的旧世界（欧洲和西亚 - 北非），第2组来自东亚，第3组来自东亚、中亚、南亚和东南亚。被归类为“野生”（芜菁变种）的种质仅在第1组中发现，且该组拥有最高数量和丰富度的特有等位基因。每个组都包含多种农业形态类型（油籽、根菜或叶菜类型）、开花习性（冬性、半冬性或春性类型）、自交亲和性或不亲和性以及种子颜色。基于共享独特等位基因的分析，旧世界以及亚洲东部、南部和中部是不同的亚群。本研究支持以下理论：传统的旧世界是白菜的起源中心，东亚以及亚洲古代贸易路线沿线是多样性中心，且近期有向新世界的迁移。
