Haabrekke Kristin Johanne, Slinning Kari, Walhovd Kristine Beate, Wentzel-Larsen Tore, Moe Vibeke
a National Network for Infant Mental Health, the Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health , Oslo , Norway.
J Addict Dis. 2014;33(2):114-23. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2014.909698.
There is growing documentation that infants exposed to opioids and poly-substances prenatally have an increased risk of aberrant development. In Norway, there are several in-patient clinics that specialize in medically supervised detoxification for pregnant women with substance dependence in a therapeutic setting. Because there is virtually no documentation on the perinatal outcome of the infants born to mothers receiving such treatment, this study aims to investigate the perinatal outcome of children born to mothers with opioid and poly-substance dependence detoxified in a residential setting during pregnancy compared with infants born to women with substance dependence at a time when no such treatment was available. Pregnant women from two time cohorts were followed from pregnancy to birth. Birth weight, head circumference, gestational age, and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) were measured in infants born to mothers detoxified in a residential setting during pregnancy and compared with infants born to mothers receiving no treatment. Both study groups had concurrent comparison groups. Infants born to mothers in residential detoxification treatment experience less prenatal drug exposure and show better perinatal outcomes on gestational age and head circumference, as well as no NAS, compared to the infants in the earlier cohort whose mothers did not receive residential treatment. No miscarriages, complications, or morbidities were associated with residential detoxification treatment. Detoxification in residential treatment can be a preferred treatment form for many pregnant women struggling with drug abuse problems and should possibly be applied to a larger extent to ensure the best possible perinatal outcome for these children.
越来越多的文献表明，产前接触阿片类药物和多种物质的婴儿出现发育异常的风险增加。在挪威，有几家住院诊所专门为患有物质依赖的孕妇在治疗环境中提供医学监督下的戒毒服务。由于几乎没有关于接受此类治疗的母亲所生婴儿围产期结局的文献记录，本研究旨在调查与在没有此类治疗时患有物质依赖的女性所生婴儿相比，孕期在住院环境中戒毒的阿片类药物和多种物质依赖母亲所生儿童的围产期结局。对两个时间段队列中的孕妇从怀孕到分娩进行跟踪。测量了孕期在住院环境中戒毒的母亲所生婴儿的出生体重、头围、孕周和新生儿戒断综合征（NAS），并与未接受治疗的母亲所生婴儿进行比较。两个研究组都有同期对照组。与早期队列中母亲未接受住院治疗的婴儿相比，住院戒毒治疗母亲所生婴儿的产前药物暴露较少，在孕周和头围方面的围产期结局更好，且无新生儿戒断综合征。住院戒毒治疗未导致流产、并发症或发病情况。住院治疗戒毒可能是许多与药物滥用问题作斗争的孕妇的首选治疗方式，并且可能应在更大范围内应用，以确保这些儿童获得尽可能好的围产期结局。
