Rosen Jamie, Albin Stephanie, Sicherer Scott H
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Allergy Asthma Proc. 2014 Mar-Apr;35(2):178-84. doi: 10.2500/aap.2014.35.3732.
Studies reveal deficits in caregivers' ability to prevent and treat food-allergic reactions with epinephrine and a consumer preference for validated educational materials in audiovisual formats. This study was designed to create brief, validated educational videos on food allergen avoidance and emergency management of anaphylaxis for caregivers of children with food allergy. The study used a stepwise iterative process including creation of a needs assessment survey consisting of 25 queries administered to caregivers and food allergy experts to identify curriculum content. Preliminary videos were drafted, reviewed, and revised based on knowledge and satisfaction surveys given to another cohort of caregivers and health care professionals. The final materials were tested for validation of their educational impact and user satisfaction using pre- and postknowledge tests and satisfaction surveys administered to a convenience sample of 50 caretakers who had not participated in the development stages. The needs assessment identified topics of importance including treatment of allergic reactions and food allergen avoidance. Caregivers in the final validation included mothers (76%), fathers (22%), and other caregivers (2%). Race/ethnicity were white (66%), black (12%), Asian (12%), Hispanic (8%), and other (2%). Knowledge tests (maximum score = 18) increased from a mean score of 12.4 preprogram to 16.7 postprogram (p < 0.0001). On a 7-point Likert scale, all satisfaction categories remained above a favorable mean score of 6, indicating participants were overall very satisfied, learned a lot, and found the materials to be informative, straightforward, helpful, and interesting. This web-based audiovisual curriculum on food allergy improved knowledge scores and was well received.
研究表明，护理人员在使用肾上腺素预防和治疗食物过敏反应方面存在不足，且消费者更倾向于经过验证的视听格式教育材料。本研究旨在为食物过敏儿童的护理人员制作关于避免食物过敏原和过敏性反应应急管理的简短、经过验证的教育视频。该研究采用了逐步迭代的过程，包括创建一份需求评估调查问卷，其中包含向护理人员和食物过敏专家提出的25个问题，以确定课程内容。根据对另一组护理人员和医疗保健专业人员进行的知识和满意度调查，起草、审查并修订了初步视频。使用对50名未参与开发阶段的方便样本护理人员进行的知识前测和后测以及满意度调查，对最终材料的教育影响和用户满意度进行了验证测试。需求评估确定了重要主题，包括过敏反应的治疗和食物过敏原的避免。最终验证中的护理人员包括母亲（76%）、父亲（22%）和其他护理人员（2%）。种族/族裔为白人（66%）、黑人（12%）、亚洲人（12%）、西班牙裔（8%）和其他（2%）。知识测试（满分 = 18分）的平均得分从项目前的12.4分提高到项目后的16.7分（p < 0.0001）。在7分制的李克特量表上，所有满意度类别均保持在有利的平均得分6分以上，表明参与者总体非常满意，学到了很多东西，并且认为这些材料信息丰富、直截了当、有帮助且有趣。这个基于网络的食物过敏视听课程提高了知识得分，并且受到了好评。
