Fiestas Fabián, Piazza Marina
Unidad de Análisis y Generación de Evidencias en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2014;31(1):39-47.
To determine the lifetime prevalence of 18 mental disorders and to establish the pattern that those disorders have with the age of onset in five cities of Peru.
As part of the World Mental Health Survey, the study in Peru followed a probabilistic multistage sample of people between 18 and 65 years old in Lima, Chiclayo, Arequipa, Huancayo and Iquitos. The desktop version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was administered.
The lifetime prevalence of at least one mental disorder was 29% (SE 1.2), and the prevalence of at least two or three was 10.5% (SE 0.7) and 4% (SE 0.4), respectively. Anxiety disorders were more common with 14.9% (SE 0.9) prevalence, followed by mood disorders with 8.2% (SE 0.5), impulse control disorders with 8.1% (SE 0.8), and substance use disorders (5.8%; SE 0.3). The age of onset was earlier for anxiety disorders (15 years old) and for impulse control disorders (20 years old). Younger respondents were more likely to have a mental disorder.
Almost a third of the adult population of five cities in Peru has had some psychiatric disorder at a given time in their lives, and comorbidity is common. Most disorders begin before age 30.
确定18种精神障碍的终生患病率，并确立这些障碍在秘鲁五个城市的发病年龄模式。
作为世界心理健康调查的一部分，秘鲁的这项研究对利马、奇克拉约、阿雷基帕、万卡约和伊基托斯18至65岁的人群采用概率多阶段抽样。使用了综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）的桌面版。
至少一种精神障碍的终生患病率为29%（标准误1.2），至少两种或三种精神障碍的患病率分别为10.5%（标准误0.7）和4%（标准误0.4）。焦虑症更为常见，患病率为14.9%（标准误0.9），其次是情绪障碍，患病率为8.2%（标准误0.5），冲动控制障碍患病率为8.1%（标准误0.8），物质使用障碍患病率为5.8%（标准误0.3）。焦虑症（15岁）和冲动控制障碍（20岁）的发病年龄较早。较年轻的受访者患精神障碍的可能性更大。
秘鲁五个城市近三分之一的成年人口在其生命中的某个特定时间患有某种精神疾病，且共病情况很常见。大多数疾病在30岁之前开始。
