Anxiety Clinic and Research Center, Avda. Santa Fe 3946, 1ro A, CP 1425, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2018 Apr;53(4):341-350. doi: 10.1007/s00127-018-1492-3. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
Although the Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that depressive disorders and anxiety disorders are the second and fifth leading causes of disability in Argentina, these estimates were based on imputations rather than epidemiological data. The policy implications of these results for the necessary expansion of mental health services in Argentina are sufficiently great that more direct estimates of the population burdens of common mental disorders are needed. Therefore, the purpose is to present the first results regarding lifetime prevalence, projected lifetime risk up to age 75, age-of-onset, cohort effects and socio-demographic correlates of DSM-IV mental disorders among adults (18+) from the general population of urban areas of Argentina.
A multistage clustered area probability household survey was administered to 3927 individuals using the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
Lifetime prevalence of any disorder was 29.1% and projected lifetime risk at age 75 was 37.1%. Median age-of-onset of any disorder was 20 years of age. Disorders with highest lifetime prevalence were major depressive disorder (8.7%), alcohol abuse (8.1%), and specific phobia (6.8%). Anxiety disorders were the most prevalent group of disorder (16.4%) followed by mood (12.3%), substance (10.4%), and disruptive behavior disorders (2.5%). Women had greater odds of anxiety and mood disorders; men had greater odds of substance disorders. Age-at-interview was inversely associated with lifetime risk of any disorder.
The results provide direct evidence for high lifetime societal burdens of common mental disorders in Argentina due to a combination of high prevalence and early age-of-onset.
尽管全球疾病负担研究估计抑郁障碍和焦虑障碍分别是阿根廷的第二和第五大残疾原因，但这些估计是基于推断而不是流行病学数据。这些结果对阿根廷必要的精神卫生服务扩大的政策影响是巨大的，因此需要对常见精神障碍的人群负担进行更直接的估计。因此，本研究旨在介绍阿根廷城市地区一般人群中成年人（18 岁及以上）DSM-IV 精神障碍终生患病率、截至 75 岁的预期终生发病风险、发病年龄、队列效应和社会人口学相关性的首批结果。
使用世界精神卫生复合国际诊断访谈对 3927 名个体进行了多阶段聚类区域概率家庭调查。
任何障碍的终生患病率为 29.1%，75 岁时的预期终生发病风险为 37.1%。任何障碍的中位发病年龄为 20 岁。终生患病率最高的障碍是重度抑郁障碍（8.7%）、酒精滥用（8.1%）和特定恐惧症（6.8%）。焦虑障碍是最常见的障碍组（16.4%），其次是心境障碍（12.3%）、物质使用障碍（10.4%）和破坏性行为障碍（2.5%）。女性患焦虑和心境障碍的几率更高，男性患物质使用障碍的几率更高。访谈时的年龄与任何障碍的终生发病风险呈负相关。
这些结果为阿根廷常见精神障碍的高终生社会负担提供了直接证据，这是由于高患病率和早发病年龄的结合所致。
