Hwang Su Hwan, Lee Hong Ji, Yoon Hee Nam, Jung Da Woon, Lee Yu-Jin G, Lee Yu Jin, Jeong Do-Un, Park Kwang Suk
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2014 Jul;61(7):2125-34. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2014.2314452. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
We established and tested an unconstrained sleep apnea monitoring method using a polyvinylidene (PVDF) film-based sensor for continuous and accurate monitoring of apneic events occurred during sleep. Twenty-six sleep apnea patients and six normal subjects participated in this study. Subjects' respiratory signals were measured using the PVDF-based sensor during polysomnography. The PVDF sensor comprised a 4 × 1 array, and a thin silicon pad was placed over the sensor to prevent damage. Total thickness of the merged system was approximately 1.1 mm which was thin enough to prevent the subject from being consciously aware of its presence. It was designed to be placed under subjects' backs and installed between a bed cover and mattress. The proposed method was based on the standard deviation of the PVDF signals, and it was applied to a test set for detecting apneic events. The method's performance was assessed by comparing the results with a sleep physician's manual scoring. The correlation coefficient for the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) values between the methods was 0.94 (p < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating curves at three AHI threshold levels (>5, >15, and >20) for sleep apnea diagnosis were 0.98, 0.99, and 0.98, respectively. For min-by-min apnea detection, the method classified sleep apnea with an average sensitivity of 72.9%, specificity of 90.6%, accuracy of 85.5%, and kappa statistic of 0.60. The developed system and method can be applied to sleep apnea detection in home or ambulatory monitoring.
我们建立并测试了一种无约束睡眠呼吸暂停监测方法，该方法使用基于聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）薄膜的传感器，用于连续、准确地监测睡眠期间发生的呼吸暂停事件。26名睡眠呼吸暂停患者和6名正常受试者参与了本研究。在多导睡眠监测期间，使用基于PVDF的传感器测量受试者的呼吸信号。PVDF传感器由一个4×1阵列组成，并且在传感器上方放置了一个薄硅垫以防止损坏。合并系统的总厚度约为1.1毫米，薄到足以防止受试者有意识地察觉到它的存在。它被设计放置在受试者背部下方，并安装在床罩和床垫之间。所提出的方法基于PVDF信号的标准差，并应用于检测呼吸暂停事件的测试集。通过将结果与睡眠医生的人工评分进行比较来评估该方法的性能。两种方法之间的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）值的相关系数为0.94（p<0.001）。用于睡眠呼吸暂停诊断的三个AHI阈值水平（>5、>15和>20）下的受试者工作曲线下面积分别为0.98、0.99和0.98。对于逐分钟的呼吸暂停检测，该方法对睡眠呼吸暂停进行分类的平均灵敏度为72.9%，特异性为90.6%，准确率为85.5%，kappa统计量为0.60。所开发的系统和方法可应用于家庭或动态监测中的睡眠呼吸暂停检测。
