Global Fund Supported Projects on HIV/AIDS and TB, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
HIV/AIDS and STI Surveillance and Research Department, National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Sex Transm Infect. 2014 Sep;90(6):463-8. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051443. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Surveillance studies among female sex workers (FSWs) in Mongolia have found no HIV but high rates of syphilis, ranging from 10.7% in 2002 to 20.8% in 2007.
To determine the current prevalence of HIV and syphilis among FSWs, and to identify syphilis risk factors.
761 FSWs were recruited by time-location sampling between 2 January and 29 March 2012 in Ulaanbaatar city, Darkhan-Uul, Orkhon, Khuvsgul and Dornod provinces in Mongolia. Participants were administered an anonymous structured survey. Blood samples were tested for HIV and syphilis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with syphilis.
The mean age of participants was 31 (median 30, interquartile range 24-38). HIV knowledge was modest: 41.3% correctly answered all questions. Consistent condom use with clients was reported by 49.1% of participants and exposure to HIV prevention programmes by 50.1%. Although no cases of HIV were found, syphilis prevalence was -27.8% (95% CI 24.3% to 31.7%). In multivariate analyses, variables associated with syphilis were younger age (age >30 years, OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.99) and occurrence of genital ulcer (OR=2.24, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.28).
A syphilis epidemic continues to grow among FSWs in Mongolia. These women are at high risk of HIV transmission if introduced into their sexual networks. With the increase in migration of mining workers in Mongolia, introduction of HIV may be imminent. Efforts to intensify treatment and prevention programmes among FSWs are needed.
蒙古的女性性工作者（FSW）监测研究并未发现艾滋病毒，但梅毒发病率很高，从 2002 年的 10.7%到 2007 年的 20.8%不等。
确定蒙古 FSW 中 HIV 和梅毒的当前流行率，并确定梅毒的危险因素。
2012 年 1 月 2 日至 3 月 29 日，通过时间地点抽样，在蒙古国乌兰巴托市、达尔汗乌勒、鄂尔浑、库苏古尔和东戈壁省招募了 761 名 FSW。参与者接受了匿名的结构化调查。采集血样检测 HIV 和梅毒。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定与梅毒相关的因素。
参与者的平均年龄为 31 岁（中位数 30 岁，四分位距 24-38 岁）。HIV 知识水平中等：41.3%的人正确回答了所有问题。49.1%的参与者报告与客户坚持使用安全套，50.1%的参与者曾接触过艾滋病毒预防方案。尽管未发现 HIV 病例，但梅毒患病率为-27.8%（95%CI 24.3%-31.7%）。在多变量分析中，与梅毒相关的变量是年龄较小（年龄>30 岁，OR=0.96，95%CI 0.92-0.99）和出现生殖器溃疡（OR=2.24，95%CI 1.17-4.28）。
蒙古的 FSW 中梅毒疫情仍在继续蔓延。如果这些女性的性网络中引入 HIV，她们将面临很高的 HIV 传播风险。随着蒙古采矿业移民的增加，HIV 的传入可能迫在眉睫。需要加强对 FSW 的治疗和预防方案。
