Keune Jason D, Kodner Ira J
Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8109, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA,
World J Surg. 2014 Jul;38(7):1581-6. doi: 10.1007/s00268-014-2569-0.
The nature of surgical work provides fertile ground in which ethical problems can grow. The concept of what it means to be a "good surgeon" includes the ability to reason and deliberate about how the surgeon's unique technical capabilities integrate with larger society. Ethics education at the resident level is important for several reasons. It can ensure that care is delivered in a socially and ethically responsible manner through global and emergent effects on institutions and traditions. It will prepare residents for leadership positions. It can allow residents to confront issues, such as the scientific underdetermination of surgical practice, the application of new technologies to trusting patients that have been developed by for-profit companies, and a surgical environment that is becoming increasingly institutionalized. Resident ethics education provides the opportunity for a model of collective deliberation to be developed that can be used to make sense of ethical problems as they arise.
外科工作的性质为伦理问题的滋生提供了沃土。成为一名“优秀外科医生”意味着能够思考并慎重考虑外科医生独特的技术能力如何与更广泛的社会相结合。住院医师阶段的伦理教育之所以重要，有几个原因。它可以通过对机构和传统产生全面而紧急的影响，确保以对社会和伦理负责的方式提供护理。它将使住院医师为担任领导职务做好准备。它可以让住院医师面对一些问题，比如外科手术实践在科学上的不确定性、营利性公司开发的新技术应用于信任这些公司的患者，以及外科环境日益制度化的情况。住院医师伦理教育为发展一种集体审议模式提供了机会，这种模式可用于在伦理问题出现时对其进行理解。
