兴奋性氨基酸：第二信使在信号转导过程中的作用。
Excitatory amino acids: the involvement of second messengers in the signal transduction process.
作者信息
Smart T G
机构信息
MRC Neuropharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, London, U.K.
出版信息
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1989 Jun;9(2):193-206. doi: 10.1007/BF00713028.
Abstract
- Excitatory amino acids (EAA) can activate second messenger systems in addition to a direct gating of ion channels. A discrete coupling between novel EAA receptor subtypes and second messenger systems has been previously proposed. 2. EAAs have been suggested to activate both adenylate and guanylate cyclases and also to induce phosphoinositide (PI) turnover. The increased PI turnover was observed in both central neurons and glia, and a "quisqualate-type" receptor has been most frequently involved, which may differ from the quisqualate receptor previously defined by electrophysiological studies. 3. The roles of EAA-induced calcium influx into neurons and raised intracellular calcium levels are discussed regarding the activation of phosphoinositide turnover. 4. This review examines the data supporting a link between EAA receptors and second messengers and considers whether there is any need for adopting new EAA receptor subtypes. Also, the use of the Xenopus laevis oocyte for expressing EAA receptors and studying any putative links to second messenger systems is discussed.
摘要
- 兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）除了直接开启离子通道外，还能激活第二信使系统。先前已提出新型EAA受体亚型与第二信使系统之间存在离散偶联。2. 有人提出EAA可激活腺苷酸环化酶和鸟苷酸环化酶，还能诱导磷酸肌醇（PI）周转。在中枢神经元和神经胶质细胞中均观察到PI周转增加，且最常涉及一种“quisqualate型”受体，它可能与先前通过电生理研究定义的quisqualate受体不同。3. 讨论了EAA诱导的钙离子流入神经元以及细胞内钙离子水平升高在磷酸肌醇周转激活方面的作用。4. 本综述考察了支持EAA受体与第二信使之间存在联系的数据，并考虑是否有必要采用新的EAA受体亚型。此外，还讨论了利用非洲爪蟾卵母细胞表达EAA受体并研究其与第二信使系统的任何假定联系。
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