The Brain in Action Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada T1K 3M4.
The Brain in Action Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada T1K 3M4.
Neuropsychologia. 2014 May;58:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.04.001. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
The present study documents the influence of numerical processing on hand and space use during a reach-to-grasp task. Three questions regarding the SNARC (spatial-numerical association of response codes) effect were asked: (1) would the SNARC effect influence hand and/or space preference for grasping?; (2) would the SNARC effect be demonstrated during the processing of one-digit numbers, two-digit numbers, or both?; and (3) would developmental age influence the strength of the SNARC effect? A total of 84 participants in three age/school level groups (Primary, Secondary, and Post-secondary) took part in the study. Two identical sets of small wooden blocks numbered from 0 to 19 were used. Each set was presented to the right and to the left of each participant. A number was called and participants were asked to find and grasp a block with the corresponding number as fast and accurately as possible. Hand and space used (L/R) was recorded for each grasp. Number magnitude was shown to influence the selection of hand and hemi-space in accordance with the SNARC effect. In the small percentage of trials where the left hand was used, it was more commonly recruited to grasp blocks displaying low numbers than high numbers. Participants grasped blocks from left and right space with equal frequency, but respectively left/right space was accessed more often for blocks displaying low/high numbers. Regression analyses revealed that developmental age is a powerful predictor of the SNARC effect on hand and space selection for grasping. This study provides the first description of the SNARC effect on hand and space preference for the reach-to-grasp action. Results are discussed with relevant literature of numerical processing in the human brain.
本研究记录了数值处理对伸手抓握任务中手和空间使用的影响。针对 SNARC（反应代码空间-数字关联）效应提出了三个问题：（1）SNARC 效应会影响抓握时手和/或空间的偏好吗？；（2）SNARC 效应会在处理一位数、两位数或两者时表现出来吗？；（3）发展年龄会影响 SNARC 效应的强度吗？共有 84 名来自小学、中学和中学后三个年龄/学校水平组的参与者参加了研究。使用了两套完全相同的从 0 到 19 的小木块进行编号。每个集合都显示在参与者的右侧和左侧。叫出一个数字，要求参与者尽快、尽可能准确地找到并抓取对应数字的木块。为每个抓取记录手和半空间的使用（左/右）。数字大小被证明会影响手和半空间的选择，符合 SNARC 效应。在左手被使用的极少数情况下，它更常用于抓取显示低数字的木块，而不是高数字的木块。参与者从左、右空间抓取木块的频率相等，但分别用于显示低/高数字的木块的左/右空间更常被访问。回归分析表明，发展年龄是影响伸手抓握时手和空间选择的 SNARC 效应的有力预测因素。本研究首次描述了 SNARC 效应对手和空间对伸手抓握动作的偏好。结果与人类大脑中数字处理的相关文献进行了讨论。
