Jaworska Natalia, MacMaster Frank P, Gaxiola Ismael, Cortese Filomeno, Goodyear Bradley, Ramasubbu Rajamannar
Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6 ; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1 ; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T3B 6A8.
Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6 ; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1 ; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T3B 6A8 ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, Canada T3B 6A8.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:410472. doi: 10.1155/2014/410472. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) neural underpinnings may differ based on onset age and childhood trauma. We assessed cortical thickness in patients who differed in age of MDD onset and examined trauma history influence.
Adults with MDD (N=36) and controls (HC; N=18) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty patients had MDD onset<24 years of age (pediatric onset) and 16 had onset>25 years of age (adult onset). The MDD group was also subdivided into those with (N=12) and without (N=19) physical and/or sexual abuse as assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Cortical thickness was analyzed with FreeSurfer software.
Thicker frontal pole and a tendency for thinner transverse temporal cortices existed in MDD. The former was driven by the pediatric onset group and abuse history (independently), particularly in the right frontal pole. Inverse correlations existed between CTQ scores and frontal pole cortex thickness. A similar inverse relation existed with left inferior and right superior parietal cortex thickness. The superior temporal cortex tended to be thinner in pediatric versus adult onset groups with childhood abuse.
This preliminary work suggests neural differences between pediatric and adult MDD onset. Trauma history also contributes to cytoarchitectural modulation. Thickened frontal pole cortices as a compensatory mechanism in MDD warrant evaluation.
重度抑郁症（MDD）的神经基础可能因发病年龄和童年创伤而有所不同。我们评估了MDD发病年龄不同的患者的皮质厚度，并研究了创伤史的影响。
成年MDD患者（N = 36）和对照组（HC；N = 18）接受了磁共振成像检查。20例患者MDD发病年龄<24岁（儿童期发病），16例发病年龄>25岁（成年期发病）。根据儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）评估，MDD组还分为有身体和/或性虐待史（N = 12）和无身体和/或性虐待史（N = 19）的患者。使用FreeSurfer软件分析皮质厚度。
MDD患者存在额极增厚以及颞横皮质变薄的趋势。前者由儿童期发病组和虐待史（独立地）驱动，尤其是在右侧额极。CTQ评分与额极皮质厚度之间存在负相关。左下顶叶皮质和右上顶叶皮质厚度也存在类似的负相关。在有童年虐待史的儿童期发病组与成年期发病组中，颞上皮质往往更薄。
这项初步研究表明儿童期和成年期MDD发病存在神经差异。创伤史也有助于细胞结构的调节。MDD中作为补偿机制的额极皮质增厚值得评估。
