Di Ieva Antonio, Butz Henriett, Niamah Marzia, Rotondo Fabio, De Rosa Salvatore, Sav Aydin, Yousef George M, Kovacs Kalman, Cusimano Michael D
‡Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; §Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; ¶Division of Cardiology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy; ‖Department of Pathology, Acıbadem University, School of Medicine, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
Neurosurgery. 2014 Aug;75(2):181-9; discussion 188-9. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000369.
The use of extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) as circulating biomarkers is currently leading to relevant advances in the diagnosis and assessment of prognosis of several diseases. Specific miRNAs have also been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of many neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. A number of studies have demonstrated that miRNAs show differential expression in various tumors, such as in the prostate, ovary, lung, breast, brain, and pituitary. Recent findings have built connections between miRNAs that are deregulated within the tumor and their presence in peripheral blood. MiRNAs have been shown to be stable in the blood where they are present in either free and/or uncomplexed form, as well as packed in microvesicles, exosomes, and apoptotic bodies, or bound to different proteins. Because the pituitary is a highly vascularized organ that releases hormones into the circulation, miRNAs would be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of pituitary tumors, as well as for predicting or detecting recurrence after surgery. Here we review the biological significance of miRNAs in pituitary tumors and the potential value of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers.
细胞外微小RNA（miRNA）作为循环生物标志物的应用目前正在推动多种疾病诊断和预后评估方面取得相关进展。特定的miRNA也已被证明在许多肿瘤性和非肿瘤性疾病的病理生理学中发挥作用。大量研究表明，miRNA在各种肿瘤中呈现差异表达，如前列腺、卵巢、肺、乳腺、脑和垂体中的肿瘤。最近的研究结果建立了肿瘤内失调的miRNA与其在外周血中存在之间的联系。miRNA已被证明在血液中稳定存在，它们以游离和/或未复合的形式存在，也包裹在微泡、外泌体和凋亡小体中，或与不同蛋白质结合。由于垂体是一个血管高度丰富的器官，会将激素释放到循环中，因此miRNA将成为垂体肿瘤诊断以及预测或检测术后复发的有用生物标志物。在此，我们综述了miRNA在垂体肿瘤中的生物学意义以及循环miRNA作为生物标志物的潜在价值。
