青少年右美沙芬滥用：药剂师能做些什么？

[Dextromethorphan abuse in adolescents: what can the pharmacists do?].

作者信息

Müller Sandra, Jaffan Linda, Kloiber Edith, Läer Stephanie

出版信息

Med Monatsschr Pharm. 2014 Mar;37(3):95-100.

Abstract

In Germany, dextromethorphan (DXM) is used as OTC cough and cold medication. Overdose, however, can cause psychotropic side effects and is therefore abused among adolescents. To better control the drug by the pharmacist, a pilot was undertaken to monitor drug selling of DXM in German retail pharmacies. Over a 6-month period, pharmacies documented the request of DXM preparations. These data were compared to abuse cases of the German regulatory agency, the Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM), an analysis of the 2010 annual sales statistic from the IMS OTC and information about DXM products from drug abuse websites. Especially the young DXM buyers in German retail pharmacies showed characteristics similar to those people from the BfArM abuse data file: They were male and used the DXM product Hustenstiller-ratiopharm. Hustenstiller-ratiopharm has well-directed instructions for DXM abuse in the internet. However, the 2010 annual sales statistic from the IMS OTC report identified Wick MediNait as the product with highest sales numbers whereas Hustenstiller-ratiopharm" was of less importance indicating DXM abuse is limited to a small part of the DXM user population.

摘要

在德国，右美沙芬（DXM）被用作非处方咳嗽和感冒药。然而，过量服用会导致精神方面的副作用，因此在青少年中存在滥用现象。为了让药剂师更好地管控该药物，开展了一项试点，以监测德国零售药店中DXM的销售情况。在6个月的时间里，药店记录了DXM制剂的需求情况。这些数据与德国监管机构联邦药品和医疗器械研究所（BfArM）的滥用案例、来自IMS非处方药2010年年销售统计数据以及来自药物滥用网站的DXM产品信息进行了比较。尤其是德国零售药店中购买DXM的年轻人表现出与BfArM滥用数据文件中的人群相似的特征：他们是男性，使用的DXM产品是Hustenstiller-ratiopharm。Hustenstiller-ratiopharm在互联网上有针对DXM滥用的明确说明。然而，IMS非处方药报告的2010年年销售统计数据显示，Wick MediNait是销量最高的产品，而“Hustenstiller-ratiopharm”的重要性较低，这表明DXM滥用仅限于DXM用户群体中的一小部分。