Huempfner-Hierl Heike, Schaller Andreas, Hierl Thomas
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Leipzig University, Liebigstr, 10-14, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Head Face Med. 2014 Apr 21;10:13. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-10-13.
As fractures of the supraorbital region are far less common than midfacial or orbital fractures, a study was initiated to investigate whether fist blows could lead to fractures similar to those often seen in the midface.
A detailed skull model and an impactor resembling a fist were created and a fist blow to the supraorbital region was simulated. A transient finite element analysis was carried out to calculate von Mises stresses, peak force, and impact time.
Within the contact zone of skull and impactor critical stress values could be seen which lay at the lower yield border for potential fractures. A second much lower stress zone was depicted in the anterior-medial orbital roof.
In this simulation a fist punch, which could generate distinct fractures in the midface and naso-ethmoid-orbital region, would only reach the limits of a small fracture in the supraorbital region. The reason is seen in the strong bony architecture. Much higher forces are needed to create severe trauma in the upper face which is supported by clinical findings. Finite element analysis is the method of choice to investigate the impact of trauma on the human skeleton.
由于眶上区域骨折比面中部或眼眶骨折少见得多，因此开展了一项研究，以调查拳击是否会导致类似于面中部常见骨折的骨折。
制作了一个详细的颅骨模型和一个类似拳头的冲击器，并模拟了对眶上区域的拳击。进行了瞬态有限元分析，以计算冯·米塞斯应力、峰值力和冲击时间。
在颅骨与冲击器的接触区域内，可以看到临界应力值，这些值处于潜在骨折的较低屈服边界。在前内侧眶顶还描绘了第二个应力低得多的区域。
在该模拟中，能在面中部和鼻筛眶区域造成明显骨折的拳击，在眶上区域只会达到小骨折的限度。原因在于坚固的骨质结构。在上面部造成严重创伤需要大得多的力量，这得到了临床发现的支持。有限元分析是研究创伤对人体骨骼影响的首选方法。
