Physiotherapy Department, Monash University and Allied Health Research Unit, Monash Health, Cheltenham 3192, Australia.
Monash Injury Research Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014 Jul-Aug;59(1):136-44. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Mar 22.
Falls are a common occurrence amongst older adults yet participation in prevention strategies is often poor. Although older adults may perceive a strategy works in general, they may not participate because they feel it will not benefit them personally. We aimed to describe how frequently and why older adults identify falls prevention strategies as being "better for others than for me". A cross-sectional survey with n=394 community-dwelling older adults in Victoria, Australia was undertaken. Participants were provided with detailed descriptions of four evidence-based falls prevention strategies and for each were asked whether they felt that the strategy would be effective in preventing falls for people like them, and then whether they felt that the strategy would be effective for preventing falls for them personally. Follow-up questions asked why they thought the strategy would be more effective for people like them than for them personally where this was the case. We found the "better for others than for me" perception was present for between 25% and 34% of the strategies investigated. Participants commonly said they felt this way because they did not think they were at risk of falls, and because they were doing other activities they thought would provide equivalent benefit. Strategies to promote participation in evidence-based falls prevention strategies may need to convince older adults that they are at risk of falls and that what activities they are already doing may not provide adequate protection against falls in order to have greater effect.
老年人经常会摔倒，但他们参与预防策略的积极性往往不高。尽管老年人可能普遍认为某种策略有效，但他们可能不会参与，因为他们觉得这种策略对他们个人没有好处。我们旨在描述老年人认为哪些跌倒预防策略“对他人比对自己更好”，以及他们认为这些策略的频率和原因。在澳大利亚维多利亚州进行了一项横断面调查，共有 394 名社区居住的老年人参与。研究人员向参与者详细描述了四种基于证据的跌倒预防策略，并针对每种策略询问他们是否认为该策略对像他们这样的人预防跌倒有效，然后询问他们是否认为该策略对他们个人预防跌倒有效。如果回答是肯定的，则会进一步询问他们为什么认为该策略对他人比对他们个人更有效。我们发现，对于所调查的策略，有 25%到 34%的老年人存在“对他人比对自己更好”的看法。参与者普遍表示，他们之所以这样认为，是因为他们认为自己没有跌倒的风险，并且他们已经在进行其他他们认为可以提供同等益处的活动。为了提高参与基于证据的跌倒预防策略的积极性，可能需要让老年人相信他们有跌倒的风险，并且他们已经在进行的活动可能不足以预防跌倒，从而产生更大的效果。
