Rosenberg Goldstein Rachel E, Micallef Shirley A, Gibbs Shawn G, He Xin, George Ashish, Sapkota Amir, Joseph Sam W, Sapkota Amy R
Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Apr 17;11(4):4340-55. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110404340.
As reclaimed water use expands, it is important to evaluate potential occupational health risks from exposure to this alternative water source. We compared odds of colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) between spray irrigation workers using reclaimed water and office worker controls. Nasal and dermal swabs from 19 spray irrigation workers and 24 office worker controls were collected and analyzed for MRSA, MSSA, VRE, and VSE. Isolates were confirmed using standard biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction assays. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Sensititre® microbroth dilution. Data were analyzed by two-sample proportion, chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression. No MRSA or VRE were detected in any samples. MSSA was detected in 26% and 29% of spray irrigators and controls, respectively. VSE was detected in 11% and 0% of spray irrigation workers and controls, respectively. The adjusted odds of MSSA, multidrug-resistant MSSA, and either MSSA or VSE colonization were greater among spray irrigation workers, however results were not statistically significant. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further evaluate this relationship.
随着再生水使用范围的扩大，评估接触这种替代水源可能带来的职业健康风险至关重要。我们比较了使用再生水的喷灌工人与办公室工作人员对照组中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）、耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）和万古霉素敏感肠球菌（VSE）定植的几率。收集了19名喷灌工人和24名办公室工作人员对照组的鼻腔和皮肤拭子，并对其进行MRSA、MSSA、VRE和VSE分析。使用标准生化试验和聚合酶链反应分析对分离株进行确认。通过Sensititre®微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验。数据通过两样本比例、卡方检验、Fisher精确检验和逻辑回归进行分析。在任何样本中均未检测到MRSA或VRE。MSSA分别在26%的喷灌工人和29%的对照组中被检测到。VSE分别在11%的喷灌工人和0%的对照组中被检测到。喷灌工人中MSSA、多重耐药MSSA以及MSSA或VSE定植的校正几率更高，然而结果无统计学意义。需要进一步开展更大样本量的研究来评估这种关系。
