Laboratory of Viral Ecology, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Almaty, Kazakhstan,
Arch Virol. 2014 Sep;159(9):2321-7. doi: 10.1007/s00705-014-2078-3. Epub 2014 Apr 20.
Equine influenza (EI) continues to be an important respiratory pathogen of horses worldwide. Since 2007 several outbreaks of EI have occurred in Central Asian countries, including Kazakhstan, western Mongolia, India and western China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that two H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) isolates from Kazakhstan, A/equine/Almaty/26/2007 and A/equine/South Kazakhstan/236/12, were related to Florida sublineage 2, with high similarity to EIVs circulating in the same period in neighbouring countries. New outbreaks of EI during 2011 and 2012 in Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries were caused by viruses of the same lineage. Genetic characterization of the viruses showed formation of a small EIV cluster with specific genetic signatures and continued evolution of this lineage in Central Asia between 2007 and 2012. The main genetic changes were observed in hemagglutinin gene without any antigenic drift. Although no vaccination policy was carried out in Kazakhstan, application of Florida clade 2-based vaccines is recommended.
马流感（EI）仍然是全球马属动物的一种重要呼吸道病原体。自 2007 年以来，包括哈萨克斯坦、蒙古西部、印度和中国西部在内的中亚国家发生了几起 EI 暴发。系统进化分析显示，哈萨克斯坦的两株 H3N8 马流感病毒（EIV）分离株 A/equine/Almaty/26/2007 和 A/equine/South Kazakhstan/236/12 与佛罗里达亚系 2 相关，与同期在邻国流行的 EIV 具有高度相似性。2011 年和 2012 年在哈萨克斯坦和其他中亚国家暴发的新的 EI 疫情由同一谱系的病毒引起。病毒的遗传特征表明，在 2007 年至 2012 年间，该谱系在中亚地区形成了一个具有特定遗传特征的小 EIV 聚类，并继续进化。主要的遗传变化发生在血凝素基因上，没有任何抗原漂移。尽管哈萨克斯坦没有实施疫苗接种政策，但建议使用基于佛罗里达分支 2 的疫苗。
