Prakash G, Hosetti B B, Dhananjaya B L
Department of Applied Zoology, and Department of Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Malligenahalli, India ; Department of Piramal Enterprises Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Applied Zoology, and Department of Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Malligenahalli, India.
Toxicol Int. 2014 Jan;21(1):96-100. doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.128814.
The antimutagenic effect of caffeine is evaluated against ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutation rate in Drosophila.
The mutation rate is evaluated using wing mosaic assay. In transheterozygous larvae, multiple wing hair (mwh 0.3-3) and flare (flr 3-38.8) genes were used as markers of the extent of mutagenicity.
The results at 0.5 and 1.0 mM EMS concentration at both 48 ± 4 and 72 ± 4 h have shown consistent increase in mutation rate, which was being measured as frequency of clone formation per 105 cells. Toxicity of caffeine at 5 mM concentration was parallel to that of distilled water alone. At 0.5 mM EMS concentration at 42 ± 4 and 72 ± 4 h, Drosophila larvae mutation rate was significantly increased. Although caffeine prevented mutation rate in all pre, post, and combined treatment, it was more significant in pretreatment experiments where it was found to be effective in reducing the genotoxicity of EMS. However, the concentration of caffeine as recommended in dietary allowance did not induce the frequency of mutant clones in somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) recorded.
This study shows that caffeine significantly reduced the genotoxicity induced by EMS. However, the limitation in completely abolishing genotoxicity induced by EMS as observed at the dietary allowance of caffeine makes it interesting for further in-depth study. Further studies on the molecular mechanism of antigenotoxic effect of caffeine will also be interesting.
评估咖啡因对果蝇中乙磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱导的突变率的抗诱变作用。
使用翅镶嵌检测法评估突变率。在反式杂合幼虫中，多个翅毛（mwh 0.3 - 3）和耀斑（flr 3 - 38.8）基因用作致突变程度的标记。
在48 ± 4和72 ± 4小时时，0.5 mM和1.0 mM EMS浓度下的结果均显示突变率持续增加，突变率以每105个细胞的克隆形成频率来衡量。5 mM浓度的咖啡因毒性与单独的蒸馏水相当。在42 ± 4和72 ± 4小时时，0.5 mM EMS浓度下果蝇幼虫的突变率显著增加。尽管咖啡因在所有预处理、后处理和联合处理中均能阻止突变率，但在预处理实验中更为显著，在该实验中发现它能有效降低EMS的遗传毒性。然而，膳食允许量中推荐的咖啡因浓度在体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）中并未诱导记录到的突变克隆频率。
本研究表明咖啡因能显著降低EMS诱导的遗传毒性。然而，在咖啡因膳食允许量下观察到的未能完全消除EMS诱导的遗传毒性这一局限性，使其值得进一步深入研究。对咖啡因抗诱变作用分子机制的进一步研究也将很有意义。
