Prakash G, Hosetti B B, Dhananjaya B L
Department of Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, India.
Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Toxicol Int. 2014 Sep-Dec;21(3):258-63. doi: 10.4103/0971-6580.155341.
Plants as dietary sources are known to have several chemoprotective agents. Dioscorea pentaphylla is an important medicinal plant, which is often used as edible food. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antigenotoxic potential of D. pentaphylla extracts on the genotoxic effect induced by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in the Drosophila wing spot test.
The somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) was carried out in Drosophila melanogaster. In transheterogyous larvae, multiple wing hair (mwh 3-0.3) and flare (flr3-38.8) genes were used as markers of the extent of mutagenicity.
It was observed thatall the three extracts (petroleum ether, choloroform, and ethyl alcohol) in the combined treatment had significantly inhibited the effect of MMS-induced genotoxic effects. When compared to others, the ethanol extract showed a very significant antimutagenic activity.
The compounds that are present in the extracts may directly interact with the methyl radical groups of MMS and inactivate them by chemical reaction. It is also possible that the compounds in the extract compete to interact with the nucleophilic sites in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), thus altering the binding of the mutagen to these sites. Although our results indicate that the compounds present in the extracts may directly interact with the methyl radical groups of MMS and inactivate them by chemical reaction, it may also be quite interesting to investigate through the other different mechanisms by which D. pentaphylla could interfere in vivo on the effect of genotoxic agents.
已知植物作为膳食来源含有多种化学保护剂。五叶薯蓣是一种重要的药用植物，也常被用作可食用食物。本研究旨在通过果蝇翅斑试验评估五叶薯蓣提取物对甲磺酸甲酯（MMS）诱导的遗传毒性作用的抗遗传毒性潜力。
在黑腹果蝇中进行体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）。在反式杂合幼虫中，多重翅毛（mwh 3 - 0.3）和耀斑（flr3 - 38.8）基因被用作致突变程度的标记。
观察到联合处理中的所有三种提取物（石油醚、氯仿和乙醇）均显著抑制了MMS诱导的遗传毒性作用。与其他提取物相比，乙醇提取物表现出非常显著的抗诱变活性。
提取物中存在的化合物可能直接与MMS的甲基基团相互作用，并通过化学反应使其失活。提取物中的化合物也有可能竞争与脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）中的亲核位点相互作用，从而改变诱变剂与这些位点的结合。虽然我们的结果表明提取物中存在的化合物可能直接与MMS的甲基基团相互作用并通过化学反应使其失活，但通过其他不同机制研究五叶薯蓣在体内如何干扰遗传毒性剂的作用也可能会很有趣。
