Gargiulo Nicola, Pepe Francesco, Caputo Domenico
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014 Feb;14(2):1811-22. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8893.
This review highlights the recent advances in the development of functionalized nanoporous adsorbents for CO2 capture. Three main classes of materials are taken into account: zeolites, mesoporous silicates, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs). Proper modification of the cation content of zeolites, as well as the introduction of functional groups such as amine groups into ordered mesoporous silicates and MOFs, greatly enhance the CO2 adsorptive properties of these substrates. Specifically, cation-exchanged zeolites can be currently considered the benchmark for ordered nanoporous CO2 adsorbents, finding application also on a plant scale. Amino-functionalized mesoporous silicates tend to show a high affinity toward CO2: while this could be an advantage when pushed purification is needed, it also implies that full regeneration of the adsorbent can be achieved only by putting its surface in contact with a completely CO2-free environment. On the contrary, similarly modified MOFs show higher CO2 adsorption working capacities: this potentially makes them even better candidates than their mesoporous inorganic homologues for a plant scale use. However, the persisting lack of reliable methods for the pelletization of both ordered mesoporous silicates and MOFs creates a care for further development efforts in the next future.
本综述重点介绍了用于二氧化碳捕集的功能化纳米多孔吸附剂开发方面的最新进展。考虑了三类主要材料：沸石、介孔硅酸盐和金属有机框架（MOF）。对沸石阳离子含量进行适当改性，以及在有序介孔硅酸盐和MOF中引入胺基等官能团，可大大提高这些基质对二氧化碳的吸附性能。具体而言，阳离子交换沸石目前可被视为有序纳米多孔二氧化碳吸附剂的基准，在工厂规模上也有应用。氨基功能化介孔硅酸盐往往对二氧化碳表现出高亲和力：虽然在需要深度净化时这可能是一个优势，但这也意味着只有将吸附剂表面置于完全无二氧化碳的环境中才能实现吸附剂的完全再生。相反，类似改性的MOF表现出更高的二氧化碳吸附工作容量：这可能使它们比介孔无机同类物更适合工厂规模使用。然而，有序介孔硅酸盐和MOF造粒的可靠方法仍然缺乏，这为未来进一步的开发工作带来了顾虑。
