Lange Britt, Murray Mike, Chreiteh Shadi S, Toft Palle, Jørgensen Marie B, Søgaard Karen, Sjøgaard Gisela
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Apr;85(4):420-5. doi: 10.3357/asem.3783.2014.
During maneuvering, fighter pilots experience loads of up to 50-70 kg on their necks. Neck disorders are common and have been linked to impairment in muscle control. We conducted an intervention study introducing targeted training for 24 wk that reduced neck pain. The current study reports the results of the secondary objective, which was to increase the understanding of possible mechanisms underlying such neck pain and its intervention-related relief.
In a parallel, single-blinded, randomized controlled study, 55 F-16 pilots were evaluated at baseline and randomized to a control group (CG; N = 28) or training group (TG; N = 27). Postural control was tested in four different settings: Romberg with open and closed eyes, unilateral stance, and perturbation. Maximal voluntary contraction and force steadiness was measured for shoulder elevation.
At follow-up, there was a significant between-group difference in the Romberg test with closed eyes only (95% confidence ellipse area; CG: 761 +/- 311 mm2; TG: 650 +/- 405 mm2). Prior to randomization, there were no significant differences in postural control and steadiness between 30 pilots who experienced neck pain within the previous 3 mo and 25 pilots without such pain.
Impaired postural control and steadiness may only be quantifiable in individuals experiencing acute neck pain of certain intensity, and there may be a ceiling effect in the ability to improve these parameters. For individuals with highly developed physiological capacity, a battery of tests with more stringent demands should be considered, e.g., increased number of repetitions, prolonged duration of the tests, or testing with eyes closed.
在飞行操作过程中，战斗机飞行员颈部承受的负荷高达50 - 70千克。颈部疾病很常见，并且与肌肉控制受损有关。我们进行了一项干预研究，引入了为期24周的针对性训练，该训练减轻了颈部疼痛。本研究报告了次要目标的结果，即增进对这种颈部疼痛及其与干预相关缓解的潜在机制的理解。
在一项平行、单盲、随机对照研究中，55名F - 16飞行员在基线时接受评估，并随机分为对照组（CG；N = 28）或训练组（TG；N = 27）。在四种不同情况下测试姿势控制：睁眼和闭眼的罗姆伯格测试、单腿站立和干扰测试。测量肩部抬高的最大自主收缩和力量稳定性。
在随访时，仅在闭眼的罗姆伯格测试中存在显著的组间差异（95%置信椭圆面积；CG：761 +/- 311平方毫米；TG：650 +/- 405平方毫米）。在随机分组之前，在过去3个月内经历过颈部疼痛的30名飞行员和没有此类疼痛的25名飞行员之间，姿势控制和稳定性没有显著差异。
姿势控制和稳定性受损可能仅在经历一定强度急性颈部疼痛的个体中可量化，并且在改善这些参数的能力方面可能存在天花板效应。对于生理能力高度发达的个体，应考虑一系列要求更严格的测试，例如增加重复次数、延长测试持续时间或闭眼测试。
