Bansal Monika, Singh Sachin K, Gulati Monica
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144 401, India.
Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2014;8(2):92-100. doi: 10.2174/1872211308666140422150205.
Lozenges, the small medicated candies that dissolve slowly in the mouth have always been a favoured delivery system, particularly for drugs meant for relieving sore throats and cold symptoms. This predilection can be attributed mainly to their ability to keep the naso-pharyngeal mucosa moist, enhance the swallowing reflex and provide longer contact time of the drug with the naso-pharyngeal mucosa. A number of innovative technologies have been developed to improve the conventional forms of lozenges i.e. hard candies and compressed tablets. These include the use of novel ingredients/ techniques to enhance taste, reduce calorie content, facilitate quick manufacture and modify the drug release characteristics. Though used extensively for delivery of all kinds of medications for upper respiratory tract disorders, lozenges remain one of the least researched delivery systems. This article reviews various aspects of lozenges as a delivery system. The rationale behind the use of lozenges as the most favoured dosage form for delivery of anti-tussive substances is presented. Delving deeper, various anti-tussive substances that have been delivered as the lozenges including the patents thereof, are also discussed briefly along with the innovative approaches that have been utilised for their formulation improvements.
含片，即能在口腔中缓慢溶解的小药糖，一直是备受青睐的给药系统，尤其适用于缓解喉咙痛和感冒症状的药物。这种偏好主要可归因于它们能够保持鼻咽粘膜湿润、增强吞咽反射，并使药物与鼻咽粘膜的接触时间更长。为改进传统形式的含片（即硬糖和压制片），已开发出多种创新技术。这些技术包括使用新型成分/技术来增强口感、降低热量含量、便于快速生产以及改变药物释放特性。尽管含片广泛用于递送各种治疗上呼吸道疾病的药物，但它仍然是研究最少的给药系统之一。本文综述了含片作为给药系统的各个方面。阐述了将含片用作递送镇咳物质最受青睐剂型的基本原理。深入探讨后，还简要讨论了已制成含片的各种镇咳物质及其专利，以及用于改进其制剂的创新方法。
