Anderson Breanne M, MacLennan Mira B, Hillyer Lyn M, Ma David W L
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Rm 342, 491 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Jun;39(6):699-706. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0365. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
There is growing evidence that early developmental periods may importantly influence future breast cancer risk. Also, there is great interest in the role of dietary fat in breast cancer risk, but the role of dietary fat during pubertal mammary gland development remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) using complementary dietary and genetic approaches to examine the effect of lifelong exposure of n-3 PUFA or n-6 PUFA (control) on mammary gland development and fatty acid composition. n-3 PUFA from both diet and genetics were enriched in mammary glands as early as 3 weeks of age. Parameters related to mammary gland development, including number of terminal end buds (TEB), percent coverage of ductal tree, and infiltration of TEB, were influenced by n-3 PUFA at 3 and 4 weeks of age. Overall, findings suggest that n-3 PUFA incorporation into the mammary gland early in life plays a role in the morphological development of the mammary gland during puberty.
越来越多的证据表明，早期发育阶段可能对未来患乳腺癌的风险产生重要影响。此外，膳食脂肪在乳腺癌风险中的作用备受关注，但膳食脂肪在青春期乳腺发育过程中的作用仍知之甚少。本研究采用互补的饮食和基因方法，研究了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对终身暴露于n-3 PUFA或n-6 PUFA（对照）对乳腺发育和脂肪酸组成的影响。早在3周龄时，来自饮食和基因的n-3 PUFA就在乳腺中富集。与乳腺发育相关的参数，包括终末芽（TEB）数量、导管树覆盖率和TEB浸润，在3周龄和4周龄时受到n-3 PUFA的影响。总体而言，研究结果表明，生命早期n-3 PUFA融入乳腺在青春期乳腺的形态发育中发挥作用。
