Sato Daisuke, Sato Tadasu, Urata Yusuke, Okajima Takayuki, Kawamura Shota, Kurita Manatsu, Takahashi Kenta, Nanno Masakazu, Watahiki Asami, Kokubun Souichi, Shimizu Yoshinaka, Kasahara Eriko, Shoji Noriaki, Sasano Takashi, Ichikawa Hiroyuki
Division of Oral Diagnosis, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2014 Aug;34(6):851-8. doi: 10.1007/s10571-014-0062-9. Epub 2014 Apr 24.
Immunohistochemistry for several neurochemical substances, the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and 2 (TRPV2), P2X3 receptor, and parvalbumin (PV), was performed on the nodose ganglion, pharynx, and epiglottis in human cadavers. The nodose ganglion was situated beneath the jugular foramen, and had a spindle shape with the long rostrocaudal axis. The pharyngeal branch (PB) issued from a rostral quarter of the nodose ganglion, whereas the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) usually originated from a caudal half of the ganglion. In the nodose ganglion, sensory neurons were mostly immunoreactive for TRPV1 (89 %) or P2X3 (93.9 %). About 30 % of nodose neurons contained TRPV2 (35.7 %)-or PV (29.9 %)-immunoreactivity (-IR). These neurons mainly had small to medium-sized cell bodies, and were distributed throughout the ganglion. Neurodegenerative profiles such as shrinkage or pyknosis could not be detected in the examined ganglion. Occasionally, TRPV2-IR nerve fibers surrounded blood vessels in the epiglottis as well as in the nasal and oral parts of the pharynx. Isolated TRPV2-IR nerve fibers were also located beneath the epithelium. TRPV1-, P2X3-, or PV-IR nerve endings could not be detected in the pharynx or epiglottis. In the PB and SLN, however, numerous nerve fibers contained TRPV1-, TRPV2-, P2X3-, and PV-IR. The present study suggests that TRPV1-, TRPV2-, P2X3-, and PV-IR neurons in the human nodose ganglion innervate the pharynx and epiglottis through the PB and SLN. These neurons may respond to chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli during respiration and swallowing.
对人体尸体的结节神经节、咽部和会厌进行了几种神经化学物质的免疫组织化学检测，包括瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员1（TRPV1）和2（TRPV2）、P2X3受体和小白蛋白（PV）。结节神经节位于颈静脉孔下方，呈纺锤形，长轴为前后方向。咽支（PB）发自结节神经节的前四分之一，而喉上神经（SLN）通常起源于神经节的后半部分。在结节神经节中，感觉神经元大多对TRPV1（89%）或P2X3（93.9%）呈免疫反应。约30%的结节神经元含有TRPV2（35.7%）或PV（29.9%）免疫反应性（-IR）。这些神经元主要具有中小型细胞体，分布于整个神经节。在所检查的神经节中未检测到萎缩或核固缩等神经退行性特征。偶尔，TRPV2-IR神经纤维环绕会厌以及咽部鼻侧和口腔部分的血管。孤立的TRPV2-IR神经纤维也位于上皮下方。在咽部或会厌中未检测到TRPV1-、P2X3-或PV-IR神经末梢。然而，在PB和SLN中，许多神经纤维含有TRPV1-、TRPV2-、P2X3-和PV-IR。本研究表明，人类结节神经节中TRPV1-、TRPV2-、P2X3-和PV-IR神经元通过PB和SLN支配咽部和会厌。这些神经元可能在呼吸和吞咽过程中对化学、热和机械刺激作出反应。
