蝙蝠蜱再探：匈牙利洞穴中的阿里阿德涅硬蜱新种及西方鼠耳蝠的异域基因型。
Bat ticks revisited: Ixodes ariadnae sp. nov. and allopatric genotypes of I. vespertilionis in caves of Hungary.
作者信息
Hornok Sándor, Kontschán Jenő, Kováts Dávid, Kovács Richárd, Angyal Dorottya, Görföl Tamás, Polacsek Zsolt, Kalmár Zsuzsa, Mihalca Andrei D
机构信息
Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2014 Apr 27;7:202. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-202.
BACKGROUND
In Europe two ixodid bat tick species, Ixodes vespertilionis and I. simplex were hitherto known to occur.
METHODS
Bat ticks were collected from cave walls and bats in Hungary. Their morphology and genotypes were compared with microscopy and conventional PCR (followed by sequencing), respectively.
RESULTS
A year-round activity of I. vespertilionis was observed. Molecular analysis of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of twenty ticks from different caves showed that the occurrence of the most common genotype was associated with the caves close to each other. A few specimens of a morphologically different tick variant were also found and their COI analysis revealed only 86-88% sequence homology with I. simplex and I. vespertilionis, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The microenvironment of caves (well separated from each other) appears to support the existence of allopatric I. vespertilionis COI genotypes, most likely related to the distance between caves and to bat migration over-bridging certain caves. The name I. ariadnae sp. nov. is given to the new tick species described here for the first time.
背景
在欧洲，迄今为止已知有两种硬蜱属蝙蝠蜱种，即普通蝙蝠蜱（Ixodes vespertilionis）和单纯硬蜱（I. simplex）。
方法
从匈牙利的洞穴壁和蝙蝠身上采集蝙蝠蜱。分别通过显微镜检查和常规聚合酶链反应（随后进行测序）比较它们的形态和基因型。
结果
观察到普通蝙蝠蜱全年都有活动。对来自不同洞穴的20只蜱的细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因进行分子分析表明，最常见基因型的出现与彼此靠近的洞穴有关。还发现了一些形态不同的蜱变体标本，其COI分析显示，它们与单纯硬蜱和普通蝙蝠蜱的序列同源性分别仅为86 - 88%。
结论
洞穴的微环境（彼此分隔良好）似乎支持异域普通蝙蝠蜱COI基因型的存在，这很可能与洞穴之间的距离以及蝙蝠跨越某些洞穴的迁徙有关。本文首次描述的新蜱种被命名为阿里阿德涅硬蜱（I. ariadnae sp. nov.）。
Zotero 插件