Jutel Annemarie
Perspect Biol Med. 2013 Autumn;56(4):513-29. doi: 10.1353/pbm.2013.0033.
Diagnosis plays an important role in how we understand disease, and how medicine confirms its status in contemporary society. However, diagnoses are far less concrete than their taxonomies suggest. This essay presents influenza as a case study in the elusive nature of the diagnosis, and in its complicated realities. Using the metaphor of boundary transgression, it reveals the fluidity of diagnosis and the paradoxes presented by the naturalization of diseases. In order to contain influenza, medicine commits other paradoxical transgressions of boundaries. Lay self-diagnosis, use of the lay expression "flu," and wide reliance upon the belief in the influenza-like syndrome are used to attempt to cement a concrete notion of influenza.
诊断在我们理解疾病以及医学在当代社会确认疾病状态的方式中起着重要作用。然而，诊断远没有其分类法所显示的那么具体。本文以流感为例，探讨诊断难以捉摸的本质及其复杂的现实情况。通过越界的隐喻，揭示了诊断的流动性以及疾病自然化所呈现的悖论。为了控制流感，医学又犯下了其他自相矛盾的越界行为。非专业人士的自我诊断、“流感”这一通俗表述的使用以及对类流感综合征的广泛依赖，都试图巩固对流感的具体概念。
